1. Chapter 5: MELODY  Melody - A series of single tones that add up to a recognizable whole Melodic line/melodic curve  Steps and leaps

2.  Pg. 49-53 Legato/Staccato Phrase, Cadence Sequence Theme

3. LISTENING TO MELODY  “Over the Rainbow” from The Wizard of Oz Harold Arlen Judy Garland singing

4. Chapter 6: HARMONY  Harmony – 2 or more tones sounding simultaneously  Chord – combination of three or more tones sounded simultaneously Chord progression – series of chords Triad Tonic/Dominant Arpeggio

5.  Consonance vs. Dissonance Consonance – a tone combination that is stable Dissonance – a tone combination that is unstable Resolution – when a dissonance moves to consonance

6. LISTENING FOR CHORDS  Look in books on pg. 56  “Prelude in E Minor for Piano” Frederic Chopin

7. Chapter 7: Key  Melodies built around a central note; all other notes gravitate toward it. Example: sing My Country ‘Tis of Thee but don’t sing the last note. How is it that it makes you uneasy?

8.  Tonic – The central tone of a melody. When a piece is in the key of C major, for example, C is the tonic.  Key (tonality) involves a scale, a range of notes.  Melodies typically end on the tonic.

9.  Scale – the basic pitches of a song arranged in order from low to high or from high to low. 2 common types: Major and minor Scales are just combinations of different-sized intervals, or steps.

10. Half Step – smallest interval used in Western music Whole Step – twice as big Formula for a Major scale: W W H W W W H

11.  Major Scale Sounds like “Do re mi fa so la ti do” 7 pitches, arriving at high “do” an octave away Formula for a Major scale: W W H W W W H

12. C D E F G A B C W W H W W W H

13.  Minor scale W H W W H W W

14.  Chromatic Scale Still has range of octave Uses all half steps, all 12 black and white keys within an octave

15.  Key Signatures Songs based on major scales are “major” or “in a major key” Songs based on minor scales are “minor” or “in a minor key”

16.  Key Signature – sharp or flat signs immediately following the clef sign at the beginning of a piece of music, indicating the key in which the music is played (the scale on which it is based)

17.  E Flat Major E b F G A b B b C D E b

18.  Modulation – shifting between different keys, or tonalities, within one song. Tonic Key – “home base” tonality when modulating