1. The People of the World, Prehistory-2500 B.C.
Unit 1

2. Human Origins in Africa
Chapter 1
Section 1

3. Vocabulary I Culture: People’s unique way of life
Paleolithic Age: Stone Age, use of tools
Neolithic Age: Age of farming and domestication of animals
Technology: Ways of applying knowledge, tools to meet a person’s needs
Homo Sapiens: Modern Humans
Archeologists: Learn about people by excavating and studying early settlements
Artifacts: Remains such as tools, jewelry, and other human made objects. (Clues to the past)
Anthropologists: Study of Culture, or people’s unique way of life
Paleontologists: Study fossils and determine the age of the fossil rock

4. Vocabulary II Nomad: Mobile people without permanent settlements
Hunter-Gatherer: People who constantly hunt and gather for food/survival
Neolithic Revolution (Agricultural Revolution): The shift from hunting-gathering to FARMING/DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS
Slash-and-Burn Farming: Cut and burn method of farming. Returns nutrients to the soil.
Domestication: Taming or training of animals for human use.

5. Vocabulary III
Civilization: Complex culture with 5 characteristics: (1) advanced cities, (2) specialized workers, (3) complex institutions, (4) record keeping, (5) Advanced tech.
Specialization: Development of “specific skills”
Artisan: Skilled craftsmen
Institutions: An established organization or foundation, especially one dedicated to education, public service or culture (Government, Religion, Economy, Schools)
Scribe: Professional writers
Cuneiform: “Wedge Shaped Writing”
Bronze Age: Time period when Bronze was primarily used for tools
Barter: Trade of goods without money
Ziggurat: Pyramid-shaped religious temple. (Layered)

6. Early Footprints Found
1970’s Tanzania (East Africa)
Mary Leaky Finds Foot Prints
Found a Hominid (Early Human) footprints over 3 million years old in East Africa

7. Dawn of Modern Humans
Homo Sapiens Developed between 200,000 and 40,000 years ago
Neanderthals’ Way of Life
Remains discovered in Europe and Southeast Asia
Developed Religious Beliefs and Preformed Rituals
Disappeared about 30,000 years ago

8. Humans Try to Control Nature
Chapter 1
Section 2

9. Before: Humans Tried to Control Nature!
Nomads: Wonder from place to place in search of food and they never make permanent settlements
These people are called Hunter-Gathers
Followed the herds, seasons, etc.
Civilizations did not develop. Why?

10. Domestication of Animals
Define: Domestic
What is a “Domestic Car vs. Imported Car”
Humans drove animals into man-made structures (Fences)
Herded animals to serve as food and labor sources!

11. The Neolithic Revolution
Define: Neolithic Revolution
Causes of the Agricultural Revolution
As climates warmed, grasses and grains had longer growing season
Farming provided a steady food supply, allowing people to stay in one area!!
Slash and Burn farming allowed humans to clear large areas of land for farming

12. Civilization Case Study: Ur In Sumer
Chapter 1
Section 3

13. Villages Grow and Prosper
Farming Develops in Many Places!!!
What was needed for farming??
Agriculture Developed In: Africa, China, and South America
The discovery of agriculture and the domestication of animals allowed the creation of villages
Birth of Civilizations!!!!

14. The Eve of Civilizations
Bronze Age: People used Bronze to make tools and weapons
Villages grow into cities and force changes in society
Economic Changes!! (aka $$$$$)
Surplus of food allows for specialized workers
Specialization: Allowed people to make important advances in technology (Wheel and Sail)
Social Changes
People needed to work together
Religion becomes more organized

15. 5 Features of Civilization
What is Civilization
5 Features of Civilization
MUST REMEMBER!
Advanced Cities
(NYC, Jamestown)
Specialized Workers
(Blacksmiths, Farmers, Merchants)
Complex Institutions
(Government, Religion)
Record Keeping
(Writing, Language, Scribes)
Advanced Technology
(Metal, Inventions)

16. 5 Characteristics of Civilizations
Specialized Workers
Record Keeping
Advanced Technology
Advanced Cities
Complex Institutions

17. The City of Ur Economy Religion
Depended on goods from outlying farmers and merchants for trade
Why do people trade?
Used a Barter System
Money is not used to buy goods (Canal Street, NYC)
Religion
Center of city life was based around a Ziggurat, a massive temple

19. Ziggurat

20. Chapter 1 Section 2-3 Reading Quiz
What is a Hunter-Gather?
Define the Neolithic Revolution
What does it mean to domesticate animals?
What did farming allow humans to do for the first time?
List and/or describe one of the five elements of Civilization.