1. TAKS Objective 5
TEK 4A: Calculate speed, momentum, acceleration, work and power in systems such as in the human body, moving toys and machines.

2. For questions with numbers, remember
Read the question.
Identify the question word. (What is..., How much..., etc.
Pick a Formula from the chart.
Solve the problem. Use your CALCULATOR!

3. Motion can be described as
a change in an object’s position
Average velocity (speed) is the change of position of an object over time

4. 4. The diagram represents the total travel of a teacher on a Saturday
4 The diagram represents the total travel of a teacher on a Saturday. Which part of the trip is made at the greatest average speed?
F Q
G R
H S
J T
Answer H

5. Acceleration is a change in an object's velocity (speed or direction)
When an object’s speed is changing with respect to time, it is accelerating

6. What was the garbage truck’s acceleration between 1 and 5 seconds?
A. 1.0 m/s 2
B. 1.2 m/s 2
C. 4.0 m/s 2
D. 6.0 m/s 2
Answer A

7. MOMENTUM momentum = mass x velocity
Momentum depends on both velocity and mass of an object.
For an object moving in a straight line, momentum is calculated by multiplying an object’s mass by its velocity.
momentum = mass x velocity

8. A A 44 kg person riding at 45 km/h B A 60 kg person riding at 35 km/h
Which bike rider has the greatest momentum?
A A 44 kg person riding at 45 km/h
B A 60 kg person riding at 35 km/h
C A 68 kg person riding at 25 km/h
D A 70 kg person riding at 15 km/h

9. Work Work: using a force (a push or pull) for a certain distance
The work done by forces on an object = changes in energy for that object.

10. Machines use power
Power is how fast you do work. If you work faster, you use more power.

11. A mechanic used a hydraulic lift to raise a 12,054 N car 1
A mechanic used a hydraulic lift to raise a 12,054 N car m above the floor of a garage. It took 4.75 s to raise the car. What was the power output of the lift?
A. 489 W
B W
C W
D. 30,294 W
W= FD
W=12,054 x 1.89
W= 22782J
P=W = 22782J
t s

12. Newton’s Laws
1. Objects at rest tend to stay at rest until acted on by an external force. Objects in motion tend to stay in motion until acted on by an external force, Also known as Inertia.
2. Force is equal to mass times acceleration.
3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

13. The illustration above shows a student about to throw a ball while standing on a skateboard. Which illustration below correctly shows the skateboard’s direction of motion after the student releases the ball?
A B C D A B
Answer D

14. A. What goes up must come down.
When the air is released from a balloon, the air moves in one direction, and the balloon moves in another direction. Which statement does this situation best illustrate?
A. What goes up must come down.
B. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
C. The shape and size of an object affect air resistance.
D. The acceleration due to Earth’s gravity is 9.8 m/s2.
Answer B

15. Which of the following is directly proportional to an object’s mass?
A. The object’s speed
B. The temperature of the object in the solid phase
C. The amount of time the object moves when pushed
D. The object’s inertia
Answer D

16. Conservation Laws
Conservation of Energy – Energy is neither created, nor destroyed.
Conservation of Momentum – Momentum is neither created, nor destroyed.
Conservation of Mass – Mass is neither created nor destroyed.

17. According to the law of conservation of energy —
A energy can both be created and destroyed
B energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed into different forms
C energy cannot be created, but can be destroyed
D energy can be created, but not destroyed
Answer B

18. TAKS Objective 5
TEKS:5A-D: The student knows the effects of waves on everyday life.

19. Frequency – How many times a wave repeats itself in one second.
2 Basic Types of Waves:
Transverse waves have displacements that are perpendicular to the direction of travel.
Longitudinal waves have displacements parallel to the direction of travel.
Frequency – How many times a wave repeats itself in one second.

20. Wave Characteristics
Wavelength (l, The length a wave needs to complete one full cycle)
Amplitude
(height, measured from the middle of the wave to a crest or trough)

21. Compressional: matter in medium moves in the same direction as the wave travels; aka: longitudinal
Like… Sound waves
Similarities?

22. 1) Energy; 2) Velocity; 3) Appearance
How do waves differ?
1) Energy; 2) Velocity; 3) Appearance
TRANSVERSE
vs.
COMPRESSIONAL

23. What does Q and S represent in the diagram?

24. At 0°C sound travels through air at a speed of 330 m/s. If a sound
At 0°C sound travels through air at a speed of 330 m/s. If a sound wave is produced with a wavelength of 0.10 m, what is the wave’s frequency?
F Hz
G Hz
H Hz
J Hz
Use the formula chart!!!
Velocity = f λ OR
330 m/s = f x m

25. A wave with a 2.2 m wavelength travels 21 m to a wall and back again in 8 seconds. What is the frequency of the wave?
A 1.2 Hz
B 2.2 Hz
C 5.7 Hz
D Hz
Velocity of a wave = frequency x wavelength
So, Frequency = velocity/wavelength
Velocity= distance divided by time
21/8 = 2.6
2.6 x 2.2 = 5.7
Answer C
TAKS TEKS IPC 5A

26. Wave Phenomena
Interference – Waves add together or cancel each other out.
Resonance – One wave causes something else to vibrate in a similar manner.
Doppler Effect – Changes in frequency based on motion.
Reflection – A wave bounces off something
Refraction – A wave bends because of a change in medium.
Diffraction – A wave bends due to interaction with an edge (or multiple edges).
Polarization – The direction of vibration of a wave.

27. H
Answer H

28. through the opening in the barrier? (A) (B) (C) (D)
1. The diagram above shows waves approaching a barrier. Which pattern will be formed after the waves pass
through the opening in the barrier?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Answer B

29. A guitar player is seated next to a piano
A guitar player is seated next to a piano. The piano player strikes an E key on the piano. The guitarist reports that this causes the E string on his guitar to vibrate. What is the name of this phenomenon?
A Resonance
B Polarization
C Reflection
D Diffraction
Answer A

30. TAKS Objective 5
TEK 6B: Investigate and demonstrate the movement of heat through solids, liquids, and gases by convection, conduction, and radiation.

31. Three forms of heating:
Heat- Transfer of Thermal Energy
Three forms of heating:
1. Conduction-objects touching (solids)
2. Convection- heat transfer through motion of currents in a gas or liquid
3. Radiation- electromagnetic waves transfer heat; occurs even in a vacuum (empty space).

32. The primary way liquids and gases transmit heat is by the process of —
F reflection
G conduction
H radiation
J convection
Answer J

33. Which of these best explains why skin is warmed by radiant energy?
A Sunlight absorbed by the skin increases the skin’s thermal energy.
B High-frequency radiant energy is composed of waves with short wavelengths.
C Uneven heating produces convection currents within the skin.
D Atoms with loosely held electrons transmit heat by conduction.
Answer A

34. A absorb heat by vibrating B transfer heat by fluid motion
Heat convection occurs in gases and liquids. Heat convection does not occur in solids because solids are unable to —
A absorb heat by vibrating
B transfer heat by fluid motion
C emit radiation by reflecting light
D exchange heat by direct contact
Answer B

35. TAKS Objective 5
TEK 6F: Investigate and compare series and parallel circuits. 10th GRADE TAKS ONLY slides

36. Current Flows in Closed Loops
Current will flow through closed loops.
No electricity will flow in an incomplete or open loop.

38. Ohm’s Law
Ohm's Law deals with the relationship between voltage and current in a circuit.
Ohm's Law is given by:
Resistance (R) is a measure of how difficult it is to push the charges along. R V I
Voltage (V) can be thought of as the force pushing electric charges along a conductor
Electric current (I) is the movement of electric charge in a conductor.

39. 21 The diagrams above represent two
complete circuits. A 9-V battery is
connected to two light bulbs as shown.
Which statement best describes what can
be observed?
A One of the lightbulbs in Circuit A will
continue to shine if the other one goes
out.
B One of the lightbulbs in Circuit B will
C The light from Circuit A will be dimmer
because each light bulb has a direct
path to both poles of the battery.
D The light from Circuit B will be dimmer
because each light bulb must share its
current with the other light bulb.
Parallel Circuit- the current can branch and continue to light up the remaining bulbs if one bulb goes out
Series Circuit- if one bulb goes out it stops the circuit