1. ROBERT BORDEN PM ROBERT BORDEN. HIS TENURE WOULD BE TENUOUS AS HE GUIDED CANADA THROUGH THE QUAGMIRE OF WWI

2. EARLY LIFE ELECTION VICTORY 1911. ISSUES? ELECTION VICTORY 1911. ISSUES? NAVAL SERVICES ACT (TIN POT NAVY) NAVAL SERVICES ACT (TIN POT NAVY) RECIPROCITY (NO TRADE NOR TRUCK WITH THE YANK) RECIPROCITY (NO TRADE NOR TRUCK WITH THE YANK) IMPERIALISM (IRONICALLY THIS WILL CHANGE) IMPERIALISM (IRONICALLY THIS WILL CHANGE) BIG BUSINESS (HE WOULD BREAK WITH BIG BUSINESS DURING WAR) BIG BUSINESS (HE WOULD BREAK WITH BIG BUSINESS DURING WAR)

3. BORN IN GRAND PRE NS IN 1854 (QUIRK OF FATE AS MATERNAL GRANDFATHER MOVED TO NS FROM RI) BORN IN GRAND PRE NS IN 1854 (QUIRK OF FATE AS MATERNAL GRANDFATHER MOVED TO NS FROM RI) INCREDIBLY INTELLIGENT INCREDIBLY INTELLIGENT TEACHING 15 TEACHING 15 SELF TAUGHT GREEK LATIN SELF TAUGHT GREEK LATIN BY 22 HEAD OF CLASSICS AND MATH DEPARTMENT AT UNIVERSITY IN NJ BY 22 HEAD OF CLASSICS AND MATH DEPARTMENT AT UNIVERSITY IN NJ BORED OF TEACHING, NO FUTURE, DECIDES TO STUDY LAW BORED OF TEACHING, NO FUTURE, DECIDES TO STUDY LAW INTERNS AT LAW FIRM/ PASSES BAR 1878 AT HEAD OF CLASS. AHEAD OF CHARLES TUPPER FROM HARVARD INTERNS AT LAW FIRM/ PASSES BAR 1878 AT HEAD OF CLASS. AHEAD OF CHARLES TUPPER FROM HARVARD WORKAHOLIC, JUNIOR LAWYER TO PARTNER TO OWN LAW FIRM TO LARGEST LAW FIRM IN MARITIMES WORKAHOLIC, JUNIOR LAWYER TO PARTNER TO OWN LAW FIRM TO LARGEST LAW FIRM IN MARITIMES

4. BORDEN CATCHES THE EYE OF SOME VERY PROMINENT PEOPLE BORDEN CATCHES THE EYE OF SOME VERY PROMINENT PEOPLE 1896 TUPPER SR CONVINCES BORDEN TO RUN FEDERALLY IN HFX 1896 TUPPER SR CONVINCES BORDEN TO RUN FEDERALLY IN HFX AGREES FOR ONE TERM ONLY, WANTED TO BE A JUDGE AGREES FOR ONE TERM ONLY, WANTED TO BE A JUDGE WINS SEAT, BUT OPPOSITION WINS SEAT, BUT OPPOSITION THROWS HIMSELF INTO HIS NEW JOB THROWS HIMSELF INTO HIS NEW JOB SPEAKS ON PATRONAGE IN MAIDEN SPEECH SPEAKS ON PATRONAGE IN MAIDEN SPEECH 1900 FATHER DIES SO COMMUTES BTW NS AND OTTAWA SO HE CAN SUPPORT FAMILY WITH LAW FIRM JOB 1900 FATHER DIES SO COMMUTES BTW NS AND OTTAWA SO HE CAN SUPPORT FAMILY WITH LAW FIRM JOB 1900 WAS NOT TO RE-OFFER BUT TUPPER CONVINCES. BORDEN WINS HFX, BUT TUPPER LOSES CAPE BRITAIN 1900 WAS NOT TO RE-OFFER BUT TUPPER CONVINCES. BORDEN WINS HFX, BUT TUPPER LOSES CAPE BRITAIN

5. 1901 TUPPER RESIGNS AS LEADER OF CONSERVATIVES, BORDEN CONVINCED TO RUN AS LEADER 1901 TUPPER RESIGNS AS LEADER OF CONSERVATIVES, BORDEN CONVINCED TO RUN AS LEADER AGREES AS INTERIM LEADER BUT STAYS UNTIL 1920 AGREES AS INTERIM LEADER BUT STAYS UNTIL 1920 DURING BOER WAR CALLED FOR SUPPORT FOR BR BUT ONLY IF PARLIAMENT DECIDES (COMP?) DURING BOER WAR CALLED FOR SUPPORT FOR BR BUT ONLY IF PARLIAMENT DECIDES (COMP?) AFTER ALASKA HE CALLS FOR CANADIAN INPUT INTO ANY DISCUSSIONS BR HAS ON OUR BEHALF (COMP?) AFTER ALASKA HE CALLS FOR CANADIAN INPUT INTO ANY DISCUSSIONS BR HAS ON OUR BEHALF (COMP?) 1904 LOSES ELECTION TO LAURIER, EVEN OWN SEAT, DECIDES TO RESIGN BUT CONVINCED TO STAY 1904 LOSES ELECTION TO LAURIER, EVEN OWN SEAT, DECIDES TO RESIGN BUT CONVINCED TO STAY 1908 LOSES ELECTION, RESIGNS, BUT CONVINCED TO STAY 1908 LOSES ELECTION, RESIGNS, BUT CONVINCED TO STAY 1910 CRITICIZES NAVAL SERVICES ACT 1910 CRITICIZES NAVAL SERVICES ACT 1911 SEIZES OPPORTUNITY TO LABEL LAURIER PRO YANKEE (TRADE/BIG BUSINESS) WINS THE ELECTION 1911 SEIZES OPPORTUNITY TO LABEL LAURIER PRO YANKEE (TRADE/BIG BUSINESS) WINS THE ELECTION

6. EARLY YEARS IN OFFICE MAJORITY GOV’T SO NO NEED TO PLACATE QUE MAJORITY GOV’T SO NO NEED TO PLACATE QUE BORDEN HAD TO GOVERN A COUNTRY HE HELPED DIVIDE, PROVED DIFFICULT BORDEN HAD TO GOVERN A COUNTRY HE HELPED DIVIDE, PROVED DIFFICULT TRIED TO REORGANIZE CIVIL SERVICE (PATRONAGE) BUT SENATE OBSTRUCTIONIST AND NEVER PASSED TRIED TO REORGANIZE CIVIL SERVICE (PATRONAGE) BUT SENATE OBSTRUCTIONIST AND NEVER PASSED INTRODUCED HIGHWAY ACT, BUT FAILED! (LIB SENATE AGAIN) INTRODUCED HIGHWAY ACT, BUT FAILED! (LIB SENATE AGAIN) DOES GET PASSED NATIONAL GRAIN ACT, RURAL MAIL ACT, AND MIGRATORY BIRD ACT (MOTHERHOOD ISSUES ONLY) DOES GET PASSED NATIONAL GRAIN ACT, RURAL MAIL ACT, AND MIGRATORY BIRD ACT (MOTHERHOOD ISSUES ONLY) TRIED TO SOOTHE CDN US RELATIONS BY SAYING IN ELECTION HE WAS NOT ANTI US BUT ANTI FREE TRADE TRIED TO SOOTHE CDN US RELATIONS BY SAYING IN ELECTION HE WAS NOT ANTI US BUT ANTI FREE TRADE

7. 1912 CANCELS LAURIER’S NAVAL BILL AND STATES NO ALTERNATIVE YET, BUT PEOPLE WILL HAVE THEIR SAY BEFORE ANY NEW PROGRAM (PROMISES PLEBISCITE) 1912 CANCELS LAURIER’S NAVAL BILL AND STATES NO ALTERNATIVE YET, BUT PEOPLE WILL HAVE THEIR SAY BEFORE ANY NEW PROGRAM (PROMISES PLEBISCITE) TELLS BR WE MAY GIVE YOU MONEY BUT YOU MUST ALLOW CANADA A SAY IN COLONIAL AFFAIRS TELLS BR WE MAY GIVE YOU MONEY BUT YOU MUST ALLOW CANADA A SAY IN COLONIAL AFFAIRS SAME DAY CHURCHILL ASKS CANADA FOR MONEY TO SUPPORT DREADNOUGHT PROGRAM SAME DAY CHURCHILL ASKS CANADA FOR MONEY TO SUPPORT DREADNOUGHT PROGRAM BORDEN SAYS OK IF THEY CAN PROVE NEEDED BORDEN SAYS OK IF THEY CAN PROVE NEEDED BORDEN TALKS TO FREDERICK MONK LEADER OF AUTONOMISTES WHO SAYS IF EMERGENCY HE WOULD SUPPORT BORDEN TALKS TO FREDERICK MONK LEADER OF AUTONOMISTES WHO SAYS IF EMERGENCY HE WOULD SUPPORT SENDS LOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIER TO MEET WITH CHURCHILL IN ENGLAND (BORDEN GOES TOO) SENDS LOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIER TO MEET WITH CHURCHILL IN ENGLAND (BORDEN GOES TOO)

8. FREDERICK MONK TO THE LEFT WAS THE LEADER OF BOURASSA’S AUTONOMISTES IN OTTAWA. THE MAN TO THE RIGHT IS LOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIER WHO TRAVELED WITH BORDEN TO MEET WITH THE BRITISH LORD OF THE ADMIRALTY, WINSTON CHURCHILL.

9. WINSTON CHURCHILL 1904 FIRST LORD OF THE ADMIRALTY

10. BRITISH PRIME MINISTER HERBERT HENRY ASQUITH 1908-1916. HE TRIED TO GET THE COLONIES TO HELP BUILD THE BRITISH NAVY. HE EVENTUALLY LOSES JOB IN PART BECAUSE OF THE WAR

11. BORDEN AGREES MONEY NEEDED AND GETS CHURCHILL TO WRITE LETTER TO MONK BORDEN AGREES MONEY NEEDED AND GETS CHURCHILL TO WRITE LETTER TO MONK MONK AGREES TO SUPPORT AS LONG AS BORDEN KEEPS PLEBISCITE PROMISE, AND THE RESULT DOES NOT DIVIDE NATION MONK AGREES TO SUPPORT AS LONG AS BORDEN KEEPS PLEBISCITE PROMISE, AND THE RESULT DOES NOT DIVIDE NATION BORDEN DECIDES NOT TO BOTHER AS HAS MAJORITY SO DOESN’T BOTHER WITH AUTONOMISTES NOR PEOPLE BORDEN DECIDES NOT TO BOTHER AS HAS MAJORITY SO DOESN’T BOTHER WITH AUTONOMISTES NOR PEOPLE BORDEN PROMISED 35 MILLION TO ROYAL NAVY IF THEY ALLOWED CANADA A SAY IN AN IMPERIAL COUNCIL BORDEN PROMISED 35 MILLION TO ROYAL NAVY IF THEY ALLOWED CANADA A SAY IN AN IMPERIAL COUNCIL CHURCHILL AND ASQUITH AGREE AND 1912 BORDEN’S NAVAL BILL INTRODUCED CHURCHILL AND ASQUITH AGREE AND 1912 BORDEN’S NAVAL BILL INTRODUCED DREADNOUGHTS BUILT WOULD BE TO TRAIN CDNS, CDNS WOULD BE ON BOARD, BUT WOULD BE COMMANDED BY BRITISH DREADNOUGHTS BUILT WOULD BE TO TRAIN CDNS, CDNS WOULD BE ON BOARD, BUT WOULD BE COMMANDED BY BRITISH

12. AUTONOMISTES SPLIT WITH BORDEN, SUPPORT LAURIER, BUT NOT ENOUGH, STILL MAJORITY AUTONOMISTES SPLIT WITH BORDEN, SUPPORT LAURIER, BUT NOT ENOUGH, STILL MAJORITY LAURIER DECIDES HIS TURN TO FILIBUSTER LAURIER DECIDES HIS TURN TO FILIBUSTER BORDEN’S ATTORNEY GENERAL ARTHUR MEIGHEN WRITES NEW LAW CLOSURE BORDEN’S ATTORNEY GENERAL ARTHUR MEIGHEN WRITES NEW LAW CLOSURE LAURIER DEMANDS SENATE REJECT BILL OR HE’D RESIGN. TRYING TO FORCE ELECTION LAURIER DEMANDS SENATE REJECT BILL OR HE’D RESIGN. TRYING TO FORCE ELECTION BORDEN DID NOT WANT ELECTION. RECESSION (RECIPROCITY WOULD HELP), HAD GOTTEN NOTHING DONE IN TWO YEARS ETC BORDEN DID NOT WANT ELECTION. RECESSION (RECIPROCITY WOULD HELP), HAD GOTTEN NOTHING DONE IN TWO YEARS ETC THUS NO NAVY AND NO MONEY TO BRITAIN. HURTS IN WORLD WAR I THUS NO NAVY AND NO MONEY TO BRITAIN. HURTS IN WORLD WAR I ONTARIO SCHOOLS’ QUESTION, REGULATION 17 ALSO HURTING BORDEN (CANCEL FR INSTRUCTION AS TOO $) ONTARIO SCHOOLS’ QUESTION, REGULATION 17 ALSO HURTING BORDEN (CANCEL FR INSTRUCTION AS TOO $)

13. 1911-1914 RAILWAYS FLOUNDERING IN RECESSION. UNEMPLOYMENT SPREADING 1911-1914 RAILWAYS FLOUNDERING IN RECESSION. UNEMPLOYMENT SPREADING CONSERVATIVE GOV’T NOT POPULAR BY 1914. THEY BLAMED LIBERAL OBSTRUCTIONIST TACTICS, BUT ELECTORATE WOULDN’T UNDERSTAND THAT CONSERVATIVE GOV’T NOT POPULAR BY 1914. THEY BLAMED LIBERAL OBSTRUCTIONIST TACTICS, BUT ELECTORATE WOULDN’T UNDERSTAND THAT 1914 BORDEN TAKES LONG VACATION 1914 BORDEN TAKES LONG VACATION GOLFING HEARS OF ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND AND HIS WIFE SOPHE GOLFING HEARS OF ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND AND HIS WIFE SOPHE DOESN'T NOT THINK IMPORTANT, BUT AS JULY AND AUGUST ROLL AROUND, CANADA PREPARES FOR WAR DOESN'T NOT THINK IMPORTANT, BUT AS JULY AND AUGUST ROLL AROUND, CANADA PREPARES FOR WAR BORDEN’S REIGN IS REALLY WWI. HAD THERE BEEN NO WAR HE WOULD HAVE LOST IN 1915/1916. HIS CAREER SAVED BY WAR. BORDEN’S REIGN IS REALLY WWI. HAD THERE BEEN NO WAR HE WOULD HAVE LOST IN 1915/1916. HIS CAREER SAVED BY WAR. HIS STORY IS REALLY THE STORY OF WWI. HIS STORY IS REALLY THE STORY OF WWI.