1. Features favoring PM Small Size Geometry - Flat surfaces with few thicknesses - Straight side walls (constant cross-section) - surface finish and precision High volume production Production without secondary machining & associated production of scrap Impregnated oil components

2. Alternative processes Precision casting Finish machining of forged preforms Finish machining from sized rods - shaped by extrusion - Rolling - Cold drawing PM injection molding - Very intricate geometry - Good mechanical property

3. Ferrous & non-ferrous powders Ferrous powders and non-ferrous powders capable - ONLY if subsequent heat treatment is performed (to achieve desired strength and hardness)

4. Without secondary heat treatment Usually mixing, compaction, sintering, and heat treatment To AVOID Secondary Heat Treatment Heat treatment integrated into sintering - Decreasing temp. as parts exit sintering - Quenching in oil Surface finishing Steam treating to produce black-oxide finish Impregnation with oil