1. UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF MR. S.K. DANI (SDE) SUBMITTED BY:

2. PROJECT LEADER PHONE: EMAIL: PROJECT MEMBER PHONE: EMAIL: PHONE: EMAIL: PHONE: EMAIL:

3. We hereby declare that the Project entitled “WI-FI” being submitted in partial fulfillment for the certificate for vocational training to “Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, Durg” is the authentic record of our own work done under the guidance of Mr. S.K. Dani (SDE), our project guidence.

4. First & foremost, we thank Almighty God for giving me this unique opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those who have extended helping hands to make this study success. We have a great pleasure in expressing my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. S.K. Dani (SDE), without whose help we would never have achieved completion in our work. We would heartily like to thank DGM(CFA) and all our teachers for guiding us forth in this project. With due regards we feel immense pleasure in expressing our deepest gratitude to our amiable parents & friends whose filial affection, encouragement & blessing have been a beacon light to us in all undertakings. Date: - 26.06.2013 submitted by: Place: - Durg. 1: 2: 3: 4:

5.  Introduction  Wi-Fi technologies  Wi-Fi network elements  How a Wi-Fi network works  Wi-Fi network topologies  Wi-Fi security techniques  Applications of Wi-Fi  Advantages of Wi-Fi  Disadvantages of Wi-Fi

6.  Wi-Fi is a popular technology that allows an electronic device to exchange data wirelessly (using radio waves) over a computer network, including high-speed Internet connectionswirelesslyradio wavescomputer networkhigh-speed Internet  Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standards for wireless local area networks.  Wi-Fi network connect computers to each other to the internet and to the wired network.

7. Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies to transmit & receive data at high speed: →IEEE 802.11b →IEEE 802.11a →IEEE 802.11g

8.  Appear in late 1999.  Operates at 2.4GHz radio spectrum.  11Mbps (theoretical speed) within 30m range.  4-6Mbps (actual speed)  100-150 feet range.  Most popular, least expensive.  Interference from mobile phones and bluetooth devices which can reduce the transmission speed.

9.  Introduced in 2001.  Operates at 5GHz (less popular)  54 Mbps (theoretical speed)  15-20 Mbps (actual speed)  50-75 feet range  More expensive  Not compatible with 802.11b

10.  Introduced in 2003  Combine the feature of both standards (a,b)  100-150 feet range  54 Mbps speed  2.4GHz radio frequencies  Compatible with “b”

11. IEEE Standard or Amendment Maximum Data RateTypical RangeFrequency Band Comments 802.112 Mbps50-100 meters2.4 GHz 802.11a54 Mbps50-100 meters5 GHzNot compatible with 802.11b 802.11b11 Mbps50-100 meters2.4 GHz Equipment based on802.11b has been the dominant WLAN technology 802.11g54 Mbps50-100 meters2.4 GHzBackward compatible with 802.11b

12.  Access point (AP): The AP is a wireless LAN transceiver or “base station” that can connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the internet.  Wi-Fi cards: They accept the wireless signal and relay information. They can be internal & external.  Safeguards: Firewalls and anti-virus software protect networks from uninvited users and keep information secure.

13.  Basic concept is same as walkie-talkies.  A Wi-Fi hotspot is created by installing an access point to an internet connection.  An access point acts as a base station.  When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the device can then connect to that network wirelessly.  A single access point can support up to 30 users and can function within a range of 100-150 feet indoors and up to 300 feet outdoors.  Many access point can be connected to each other via Ethernet cables to create a single large network.

14.  AP based topology (infrastructure mode)  Peer-to-peer topology  Point-to-multipoint bridge topology

15.  The client communicate through access point.  BSA-RF coverage provided by an AP.  ESA-IT consist of 2 or more BSA.  ESA cell includes 10-15% overlap to allow roaming.

16.  AP is not required.  Client devices within a cell can communicate directly with each other.  It is useful for setting up of a wireless network quickly and easily.

17. This is used to connect a LAN in one building to a LANs in other buildings even if the buildings are miles apart.

18.  Service set identifier (SSID)  Wired equivalent privacy (WEP)  802.1X access control  Wireless protected access (WPA)  IEEE 802.11i

19.  Home  Small Businesses  Large corporation & campuses  Health care  Traveller  Wireless ISP

20.  Mobility  Easy of installation  Flexibility  Cost  Reliability  Security  Roaming  Speed

21.  Interference  Degradation in performance  High power consumption  Limited range