1. THE COLONIES COME OF AGE
CHAPTER 3
THE COLONIES COME OF AGE

2. 13 Colonies Divided
New England: Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island
Middle: New York, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
Southern: Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

3. The Agricultural South
Farmers specialize in cash crops grown for sale
Tobacco known as “brown gold”
a predominantly agricultural society emerges.

4. Mid-1700s Plantation Life Small farmers were the majority
But plantation owners controlled the govt. and churches.
Why so few towns in South?
Plantations develop instead of towns b/c they had access to long deep rivers>>> allowed plantation owners to ship directly to other places
Plantations produce most of what farmers need on their property- no need for a town’s shops

5. Evolution of Slavery

6. slave’s journey from west coast of Africa to America
Middle Passage-
slave’s journey from west coast of Africa to America
A horrible journey of 3,000 miles packed into the hull of a ship
Triangular Trade

9. SLAVE IMPORTATION

10. • 80–90% of slaves work in fields; 10–20% work in house (cook, clean, mind children) or as artisans (blacksmith, bricklayer, carpenters)
Some colonies slaves outnumbered whites
2 to 1
• Slaves work full-time from age 12 until death
• Majority of owners beat, whip slaves considered disobedient, disrespectful
(VA courts did not consider the killing of a slave during punishment as murder).

11. STONO REBELLION: 1739
20 slaves took up arms and killed several planter families.
Rebellion put down.
Despite its failure, many towns tightened slave laws even more.

12. THE COMMERCIAL NORTH Produced several crops
Cold winters = short growing season & rocky soil = smaller farms>>
Why less slavery in the North?
No plantations= less need for slaves
Could not develop plantations because of the geography

13. • Philadelphia second largest city in British empire; a planned city with a grid like street system, very modern
• Growth in trade leads to large port cities: New York, Boston, Philadelphia
Jamestown (in South)and New York chosen because of access to rivers

14. Influx of Immigrants

15. strange things in Salem
Salem witchcraft trials In 1692, false accusations of witchcraft lead to trials, hysteria- how and why did this happen?
strange things in Salem
Social tensions
Poor brought charges against the rich
In the end 25 women killed as “witches”- over 150 imprisoned

16. The Great Awakening 1730s-1740s
colonists begin to question traditional authority
This Great Awakening preacher was famous for his fiery message referred to as “sinners in the hand of an angry God.”
Religious awakening
Jonathan Edwards tried to revive intensity of original Puritan vision.

18. French territory in the Americas originally claimed by Cartier and in 1608 Samuel Champlain founded Quebec – 1st permanent French settlement in N America
Different from British settlers
• Most French settlers came for the fur trade
And missionaries, spreading Christianity
Had much better relationship with Native Americans

19. Navigation Acts>>Colonial trade is “restricted”.
By 1688 England does not enforce laws if colonies maintain economic loyalty to England
 Colonies pretty much left alone known as Salutary Neglect

20. Beginning of the End
Why was the policy of Salutary Neglect the first step in the colonies’ quest for independence?
***Colonies got very used to being left alone by England & making their own decisions
Still loyal to England but developing taste for self govt.

21. French and Indian war French and Indians vs. British Why? 1754-1760
Who can defend colonists?

22. Benjamin Franklin (A&E Library Video) Assignment
Enlightenment>>Leading figure: Benjamin Franklin was a symbol of mobility and individualism.
Enlightenment and Great Awakening had similar results: people question old ideas and authority
 How did Benjamin Franklin exemplify individualism and social mobility? Was he born into wealth, and how did he become successful and well known? Social mobility is the ability one achieves to move up or down the social hierarchy (rich, middle, or poor), resulting in a higher or lower social class of wealth and status.
Write a 1/2 page response to the video citing specific examples answering this question.

23. 1756  War Is Formally Declared!
France claims land/builds a fort in Ohio>>> already belonged to British settlers>>>both claim same land
William Pitt helps British Win> Iroquois join British
1759 British capture Quebec
and win French and Indian war
battle scene

24. Book pg 89

25. 1763  Treaty of Paris At the end of the war
France --> lost their Canadian possessions, most of her empire to England
England --> got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, future American colonies

26. North America in 1763 Colonists want to move west.
Indians don’t want them there.
British intervene
Proclamation Line of 1763
Colonists can’t move west of this line
established to keep colonists in and Indians out.

27. Effects of the War on Britain?
1. It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.
2.Cost A LOT OF $$$$$ to send troops to defend the colonists>> Debt for England
Britain wants colonists to help pay for cost of their defense.>>>TAXES

28. The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Frontier
1763  Pontiac’s Rebellion Ottawan chief>>captures 8 British forts- Indian attacks on settlers
Fort Detroit
British “gifts” of smallpox-infected blankets from Fort Pitt.