1. Prof. Qiming Zhou
GIS Software
GIS Software

2. GIS Software The evolution of GIS software
Prof. Qiming Zhou
GIS Software
The evolution of GIS software
Architecture of GIS software
GIS software components
GIS software functions
Types of GIS software
Usage of GIS software
GIS Software
GIS Software

3. The evolution of GIS software
Prof. Qiming Zhou
The evolution of GIS software
Early days: a collection of computer programs
1970s – 80s: ‘standard’ user interface based on command lines
Late 1980s: GUI and customisation capability
1990s: Software modules and customisation
Today: Web service
GIS Software
GIS Software

4. Command-line user interface
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Command-line user interface
Arcplot: aselect roads arc Arcplot: aselect roads node Arcplot: reselect roads node town = 'ARMIDALE' ~ Arcplot: or town = 'FORSTER' ~ Arcplot: or town = 'TAMWORTH' or town = 'COFFS HARBOUR' ~ Arcplot: or town = 'MURWILLUMBAH' or town = 'TENTERFIELD' ~ Arcplot: or town = 'NEWCASTLE' Arcplot: arcs roads Arcplot: nodes roads Arcplot: nodetext roads town Arcplot: aselect roads node Arcplot: netcover roads ordered Arcplot: impedance ft-trvltime tf-trvltime Arcplot: path * Arcplot: routeline roads ordered 6
GIS Software
GIS Software

5. Graphical user interface
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Graphical user interface
GIS Software
GIS Software

6. Prof. Qiming Zhou
Software modules
GIS Software
GIS Software

7. Prof. Qiming Zhou
Web Service
GIS Software
GIS Software

8. Architecture of GIS software
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Architecture of GIS software
Project, departmental and enterprise GIS
Project: single database established for the project primarily used by one user
Department: centralised database used by multiple users
Enterprise: distributed database shared by large number of users on the network
GIS Software
GIS Software

9. The three-tier architecture
Prof. Qiming Zhou
The three-tier architecture
User Interface
Tools
Data Management
Data
GIS Software
GIS Software

10. Client/server architecture
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Client/server architecture
“Fat User”
“Thin User”
Desktop
Browser
Desktop
Network
Application Server
Data Server
Data Server
Data
Data
GIS Software
GIS Software

11. Project, departmental and enterprise GIS
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Project, departmental and enterprise GIS
Project
Department
Enterprise
GIS Software
GIS Software

12. GIS software components
Prof. Qiming Zhou
GIS software components
User applications
Tools
Data access
GIS Software
GIS Software

13. GIS software components
Prof. Qiming Zhou
GIS software components
Output
Translation
Analysis
Editing
Display
Customisation
Spatial reference
Vector
Data manager
Network
User Interface Applications
Geographical Tools
Data Access
GIS Software
GIS Software

14. Basic GIS functions Input and verification Storage and management
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Basic GIS functions
Input and verification
Storage and management
Processing and analysis
Output and visualisation
GIS Software
GIS Software

15. GIS software functions (cont.)
Prof. Qiming Zhou
GIS software functions (cont.)
Input & Verification
Storage & management
Processing & analysis
Output & visualisation
Query
GIS
GIS Software
GIS Software

16. Input Data capture Editing and error correction Geocoding GIS Software
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Input
Data capture
Editing and error correction
Geocoding
GIS Software
GIS Software

17. Storage and management
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Storage and management
Data conversion and access
Data integration
Database management
Data retrieval and query
Data updating
Metadata management
GIS Software
GIS Software

18. Processing and analysis
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Processing and analysis
Reclassification
Transformation
Map overlay
Spatial analysis
Modelling
Simulation
GIS Software
GIS Software

19. Output and visualisation
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Output and visualisation
Interactive graphical display (softcopy)
Cartographic output and production (hardcopy)
Data exchange output
Publication and on-line service
GIS Software
GIS Software

20. Types of GIS software Desktop GIS Server GIS Developer GIS Hand-held
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Types of GIS software
Desktop GIS
Server GIS
Developer GIS
Hand-held
Others (e.g. CAD-based GIS)
Internet GIS
GIS Software
GIS Software

21. Prof. Qiming Zhou
Desktop GIS
GIS Software
GIS Software

22. Server GIS
GIS Software

23. Developer GIS
GIS Software

24. Prof. Qiming Zhou
Hand-held GIS
GIS Software
GIS Software

25. Internet GIS
GIS Software

26. Product families of the main vendors
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Product families of the main vendors
Autodesk
ESRI
Intergraph
MapInfo
GE Smallworld
Internet
MapGuide
ArcIMS
GeoMedia Web Map
MapXtreme, MapXSite
Smallworld Internet App Server
Viewer
AutoCAD LT
ArcExplorer
GeoMedia Viewer
ProViewer
Component
MapObjects
GeoMedia
MapX, MapJ
Smallworld
Hand-held
OnSite
ArcPad
MapXtend
Scout
Desktop
ArcView
MapInfo Pro
Spatial intelligence
Professional
AutoCAD
ArcInfo
GeoMedia Pro
Smallworld GIS
DB server
ArcSDE
SpatialWare
GIS Software
GIS Software

27. Internet Server Desktop Developer
Prof. Qiming Zhou
Usage of GIS software
Internet Server Desktop Developer
Number of Users
Cost
Functionality
GIS Software
GIS Software

28. Prof. Qiming Zhou
Usage of GIS software
The estimated regular GIS users (sites) in If Internet GIS users were included, the total usage of GIS software rose to about 10 million, excluding users of GIS products such as maps, charts and reports.
Data source: Longley et al., 2005
GIS Software
GIS Software

29. Prof. Qiming Zhou
Summary
GIS software is a fundamental and critical part of any operational GIS.
Today there are many types of GIS software product to choose from.
There are also a number of ways to configure implementations.
The development of GIS software has now a very rapid rate.
GIS Software
GIS Software