1. Dental Outreach Teaching Program Claes-Göran Crossner

2. Major reasons for establishing health care outreach teaching programs?  For health care mainly based in primary care  Due to the development of an increasing number of auxiliary health personnel

3. In 2002 the Norwegian parliament decided to establish dental education in Tromsø To increase the number of dentists in Norway, and specifically solve the shortage of dentists and dental specialists in Northern Norway To increase the number of dentists in Norway, and specifically solve the shortage of dentists and dental specialists in Northern Norway Particularly familiarize the students with the tasks in the Dental Public Health Service such as public oral health programs and oral health care for priority groups Particularly familiarize the students with the tasks in the Dental Public Health Service such as public oral health programs and oral health care for priority groups Focus on prevention and collaboration with other health care workers. Focus on prevention and collaboration with other health care workers. Develop a modern, research-based international dental institute Develop a modern, research-based international dental institute

4. What are the Benefits? oContact with real world, suitable patients oExperience of working in a dental team + work with other health and social workers oCarry out more clinical procedures oBetter understanding of system(s) for provision of oral health care

5. What are the “Drawbacks”? The student has to move The student has to move Increased costs and reduced ‘production’ for the community clinics involved Increased costs and reduced ‘production’ for the community clinics involved Students will be guided and taught by more or less un-calibrated dental personnel lacking necessary pedagogic qualifications. Students will be guided and taught by more or less un-calibrated dental personnel lacking necessary pedagogic qualifications.

6. Hamar Sandnessjøen Harstad Tromsø Alta 2008 Hammerfest Mo i Rana Målselv Finnsnes Narvik Storslett 2009 Mosjøen Namsos Lyngseidet Orkdal Skien 2010 Skien/Porsgrunn Svolvær Bodø Trondheim? 2007 External University Clinics A total of 20 external university clinics by 2010

7. The External University Clinic  2 students per clinic (four months in the 7th semester and two months at the 10th semester)  An office for each student with a dental unit and a PC for electronic record registrations and network connection  One experienced clinical tutor (30 %)

8. The Tutor  Recruited on a voluntary basis  Required to attend primary educational and calibration sessions at the Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Tromsø (2 sessions x 3 days, in part clinical and in part pedagogical)  Yearly follow ups at Tromsø

9. The Student’s Performance Number of patients seen: Mean (Range) Number of patients seen: Mean (Range) 0-6 yrs 7–18 yrs Adults Total 0-6 yrs 7–18 yrs Adults Total 2 (0-4) 29 (5-44) 16 (6-26) 47 (20-72) 2 (0-4) 29 (5-44) 16 (6-26) 47 (20-72) Mean numbers of procedures: Mean numbers of procedures: Intraoral radiographs 117 Intraoral radiographs 117 Local anesthesia 89 Local anesthesia 89 Restorations 80 Restorations 80 Extractions 19 Extractions 19

10. Dental Outreach Teaching Program (in Summary)  The tutors were very positively surprised of the production and mature performance showed by these 7th semester students  Acceptable manual dexterity Early insight in “real life” conditions and the variety of aspects related to the public dental health workforce Early insight in “real life” conditions and the variety of aspects related to the public dental health workforce Quantity experience/practice in different kinds of dental treatment procedures Quantity experience/practice in different kinds of dental treatment procedures Professional self-confidence facilitated by an experienced clinical tutor Professional self-confidence facilitated by an experienced clinical tutor Experience in dental teamwork (dentist–dental hygienist–dental assistant) Experience in dental teamwork (dentist–dental hygienist–dental assistant) Experience of local dental outreach activities in pre-schools, schools, health centers, hospitals, nursery homes for elderly, etc. Experience of local dental outreach activities in pre-schools, schools, health centers, hospitals, nursery homes for elderly, etc. The opportunity to watch and assist specialists, general practitioners, hygienists and assistants rendering their daily dental care The opportunity to watch and assist specialists, general practitioners, hygienists and assistants rendering their daily dental care

11. Tackaförmig