1. Nutrition Group Research Proposal Group Members: Kimberly Robinson, Jessica Rottweiler, Kathe Sehmsdorf, Nick West

2.  Topic : Nutrition and Impact on Academic Performance  Question: Is there a correlation between dietary nutrition and performance on the IOWA Basic Skills Test?

3.  Hypothesis : There is a positive correlation between dietary nutrition levels and academic performance.

4.  Independent: Dietary Nutrition Levels (Food Choice Inventory)  Dependent: Academic Performance (IOWA Test of Basic Skills)  Population: 11 th graders (middle income) in Washington state

5. Effect of a 12 month micronutrient intervention on learning and memory in well nourished and marginally nourished school-aged children: 2 parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled studies in Australia and Indonesia. (2007)  Experimental  Tested:  Mix of micronutrients – marked improvements on verbal learning and memory  Fatty acids - inconclusive  Micronutrients and fatty acids – same as above, fatty acids = no effect  Control (placebo)

6.  The impact of a two-year breakfast program for preschool-aged children on their nutrient intake and pre-academic performance. (1999)  Experimental  Tested:  Effect of School Breakfast Program on cognitive performance  Conclusion: Nutritionally balance breakfast has positive impact on cognitive performance

7.  Effects of Nutrient Intake on Task Performance in a Sample of Inner-City Elementary School Children (2001)  Non-experimental  Conclusion: Food stamp recipients eat more poorly as the month progresses and academic performance coincides

8.  Subjects:  500 - 11 th grade (middle income) public school students in WA state from rural, urban and suburban school districts  Sampling:  #1 – Convenience (districts in WA that administer ITBS)  #2 - Stratified Random Sampling (urban, suburban, rural)  #3– Volunteer Participants (school administrator permission)  #4– Middle Income Survey respondents selected

9.  ITBS (Iowa Test of Basic Skills)  Food Choice Inventory  Assesses food choice behaviors of junior and senior high school students and adults.  Survey question accounting for income bracket

10.  Non-experimental  Simple correlation

11.  Originally Experimental  Implementation of school lunch  Challenges:  High cost  Subject compliance  Parental and school permission  Hair sample micronutrient level test  Challenges:  Extremely high cost  Subject compliance  Parental and school permission

12.  Non-Experimental  Less costly  No intervention necessary  What Design???  Original Design  multilevel logistic regression  account for co-variance of socio-economic status with dependent and independent variables  Current Design  simple correlation  account for co-variance of income level status with dependent and independent variables more simply using middle income bracket as qualifier

13.  The NEMO Study Group. (2007). Effect of a 12 month micronutrient intervention on learning and memory in well-nourished and marginally nourished school-aged children: 2 parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled studies in Australia and Indonesia. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 86(4), 1082-1093. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ824000) Retrieved January 22, 2009, from ERIC database.  Walingo, Mary K. and Musamali, Betty. (2008). Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status Indicators of Participant and Nonparticipant Pupils of a Parent-Supported School Lunch Program in Kenya. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Vol. 40, No. 5, 298-304.  Florence, M.D., Asbridge, M. & Veugelers, P. (April 1, 2008). Diet Quality and Academic Performance. Journal of School Health, 78(4), 209-215 (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ812000) Retrieved January 30, 2009, from ERIC database.  Worobey, John, Rutgers U & Worobey, Harriet S. (1999). The impact of a two-year breakfast program for preschool-aged children on their nutrient intake and pre-academic performance. Child Study Journal, Vol29 (2), 113-131 ((ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ 0009-4005) Retrieved February 3, 2009, from ERIC database.

14.  Worobey, J., Worobey, H. S., Johnson, E. & Hamm, M. (2001, Apr. 21). Effects of Nutrient Intake on Task Performance in a Sample of Inner City Elementary School Children. Society for Research in Child Development Conference.  Wyon, D. P., Abrahamsoson, L., Jartelius, M. & Fletcher, R. J. (1997). An experimental study of the effects of energy intake at breakfast on the test performance of 10-year-old children in school. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, (48), 5-12.  Voiland, A. (November 3, 2008). Rethinking School Lunch. U.S. News & World Report, 145(10), 65.  Taras, H. & Potts-Datema, W. (October 2005). Obesity and Student Performance at School. Journal of School Health, 75(8), 291-295  Pollit, E. & Mathews, R. (1998). Breakfast and cognition: An integrative summary. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(4), 804-813.  Cromer, B.A., Tarnowski, K.T., Stein, A.M, Harton, P. & Thornton, D.J. (1990). The school breakfast program and cognition in adolescence. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 11 (6), 295-300.