1. SUSTAINABLE RODENT CONTROL FOR SUBSISTENCE FARMERS IN SOUTH AFRICA E.F. von Maltitz, F. Kirsten, P.S. Malebana 1, S.R. Belmain, A.N. Meyer 2, C.T. Chimimba and A.D.S. Bastos 3 1 ARC-PPRI, South Africa; 2 NRI, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK 3 Mammal Research Institute, Univ Pretoria, South Africa

2. Technology transfer and promotion of ecologically-based and sustainable rodent control strategies in South Africa 2002-2006 Participated: ARC-PPRI LIMPOPO DEPT AGRIC & ENVIRONMENT NRI (UK) KZN DEPT AGRIC & ENVIRONM AFFAIRS MAMMAL RI, UNIV PRETORIA Villagers in Limpopo & KZN-North Region UNIVERSITY of VENDA for S&T UNIVERSITY of the NORTH (LIMPOPO) Funded: DFID CPP ARC-SRL programme (KZN)

3. SUSTAINABLE RODENT CONTROL FOR SUBSISTENCE FARMERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion

4. Introduction

5. Why can households not effectively control rodents ?

6. Super Intelligent Rodents ?

7. Rodent resistance ?

8. Sleeping Fat Cats ?

9. South Africa

10. SOUTH AFRICA – Limpopo Province

11. SOUTH AFRICA – KwaZulu-Natal North Region

12. SUSTAINABLE RODENT CONTROL FOR SUBSISTENCE FARMERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Introduction Material and methods Results Discussion Introduction Material and methods Results Discussion

13. SurveysSurveys Pre- and post-trapping survey Socio-economic assessment Anthropological study Market survey

14. Baseline data Training on rodent trapping and data collecting Rodent trapping in houses Crop field trapping Rodent taxonomy Cross-cutting with project RatZooMan

15. Baseline data: Training on trapping and rodent data collecting

16. Baseline data: Trapping in and around 280 houses

17. Four crop fields in Limpopo Four crop fields in Limpopo

18. Baseline data: Rodent identification

19. Baseline data: RatZooMan

20. SUSTAINABLE RODENT CONTROL FOR SUBSISTENCE FARMERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion

21. Surveys

22. Province MethodLimpopoKwaZulu-Natal Rodenticide37%41% Cats13%15% Traps5%8% Sticky traps / glue1% Insecticide1% Other methods1% No control58%37% Methods used by farmers in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal to protect their stored crops and possessions from rodent damage

23. Market survey

24. Trap success: 80 houses Limpopo

25. Trap success: 200 houses KZN

26. Rodent community structure: different habitats in houses

27. Species composition: Rodents trapped in four villages in Limpopo

28. Small mammals trapped in houses and in crop fields in four villages in Limpopo 2002-2004 VillageBBKloofGaPhaahlaNkomoMapate SpeciesHFHFHFHFRZM Aethomys ineptus XXXXXXX Aethomys namaquensis XXX Dasymys incomtus X Lemniscomys rosalia XXXX Mastomys coucha XXXXX Mastomys natalensis XXXXX Mus musculus XXXXXX Mus minutoides X Otomys angoniensis XXXX Rattus rattus XXXXXXX Rattus tanezumi X Rhabdomys pumilio XX Saccostomus campestris XXXX Steatomys sp XX Tatera leucogaster XXXX Elephantulus sp. X Myosorex sp. X

29. Rattus tanezumi – first record in South Africa

30. Rodents trapped in Limpopo crop fields 2002- 2004

31. Crop fields: rodent damage

32. Rodent zoonosis Rodents N = 202 Dogs N = 34 Plague00 Toxoplasmosis18,3%52,9% Leptospirosis6,7%97%

33. SUSTAINABLE RODENT CONTROL FOR SUBSISTENCE FARMERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion

34. Active participation – better understanding

35. Dissemination of results: feedback

36. Dissemination of results: radio

37. Development of public-private service provision: Training

38. Development of public-private service provision: Improved rodent control tools produced locally

39. Conclusion