1. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Slow Control System for Neutrino Experiment KATRIN Wolfgang Eppler, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Armen Beglarian, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Volker Hartmann, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Surik Chilingarian, Yerevan Physics Institute Simon Kelly, Bristol University of the West of England

2. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Neutrino Experiment KATRIN - tritium beta-decay - measures mass of electron neutrino to a precision of 0.35 eV - scales up to previous experiments by an order of magnitude

3. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Slow Control System Architecture Convert DB WebServer Supervisor Control XML OPC-HDR XML Query relational Oracle STxx Operator Control LabView DSC XML Schema Extreme use of standards: protocols, interfaces, concepts any database WebClient HTTP Netscape Internet Explorer Data Access Magnet Heating/ Cooling Ultra-High Vacuum High Voltage Detector CRYO- system FP-1FP-2FP-3FP-4FP-5FP-6 Distributed Control

4. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Experimental Impressions Testcylinder LabView GUI Web GUI (TOSKA, not KATRIN)

5. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Steps Towards a Highly Standardized System (1) Oracle DB RT Control AdminMeasure ClobsTables data2xml OCI Driver Web Server relat2xml PL/SQL OCI Driver XQuery XSU Oracle DB RT Control Web Server PL/SQL XQuery on Clobs XSU Oracle specific In more detail administration data measurement data

6. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Steps Towards a Highly Standardized System (2) XML DB RT Control AdminMeasure OPC-XML Server JDBC Driver Web Server relat2xml OPC-XML XQuery OPC-XML Client XQuery XML DB RT Control Web Server XQuery OPC-XML Oracle DB RT Control Web Server PL/SQL XQuery on Clobs XSU Oracle specific administration data measurement data In more detailNext step

7. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt OPC vs OPC-XML - COM/DCOM not available on non-Microsoft platforms - Consequently no integration into enterprise applications without COM/DCOM interface - Firewall problem as DCOM uses dynamically allocated TCP/IP ports only - Data representation of OPC-XML as text: -> more network traffic (<35%), more CPU ressources - OPC History and OPC Alarms and Events not yet available as XML - Restricted data subscription with XML OPC Drawbacks: OPC-XML Drawbacks:

8. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt OPC-XML/HDR (High Data Rate) Purpose: Higher data rate by better binary data encoding und use of UDP Compatible with OPC XML DA Better security Stringent use of XML paradigm for users data presentation Support of multicasting Support of data subscription 2 alternatives: 1.SOAP message with attachment Still working draft in W3C No support by major XML libraries No multicasting 2.HTTP message with MIME multipart type and XLink No multicasting, but separate connection as done in FTP protocol New user defined data type described by XML Schema

9. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt HTTP/MIME/XLink-Example Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary=xxxxxx --xxxxxx Content-Type: text/xml Content-ID:OpcXmlHdrMessage...... <BinaryStream type=SomeType records=5 recordsize=64 xlink:type=simple xlink:href=cid:BinaryData1/> <MulticastStream type= SomeType recordsize=64 xlink:type=simple xlink:href=mcast:224.0.0.1/>...... --xxxxxx Content-Type: application/binary Content-Transfer-Encoding: Little-Endian Content-Length: Content-ID:BinaryData1..... Binary Data...... --xxxxxx Content-Type: text/xml Content-ID:TypeDescription1... XSD Schema...

10. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Implementation of OPC XML HDR Internal Data Representation Secure XML Data Representation XLink / MIME / HTTP Message Transport Level XML Data Representation LibOpcXml LibOpcHttp Libraries LibOpcSecure LibOpcTransport Web Server OPC Server Servers XML Parser XML Validation by XSD Schema Access Rights Check XML Document Signature Check XML Document Decryption MIME/XLink/HTTP Encapsulation Message Communication by IPv4 / IPv6

11. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Which XML Parser? XML libraries used for Benchmarking: LibXML2 + GDome + LibXSLT + XML Security Apache Xerces for C + Apache Xalan for C IBM XML4C + IBM Lotus XSL Expat + CenterPoint XML + Sablotron + Arabica RXP Parser Oracle XDK for C/C++ Oracle XDK for Java QT XML Module Sun XML Pack Summer + Apache XML Security Performance measured in total and in following sub-tasks: Non-Validating Parsing with Native, SAX, DOM Engines Benchmark Creating + Serializing DOM tree Benchmark Schema Validation Benchmark XSL Transformation Benchmark XML Security (Signature, Encryption) Benchmark -> LibXML2 was chosen (In spite of no XML Schema validation)

12. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt XQuery vs SQL XQuery XQuery (1 Signal) XQuery (4 Signals) SQL (1-4 Signals)

13. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt XQuery vs XSU XQuery (4 Signals)XQuery (1 Signal) XSU (8 Signals) XSU (1-4 Signals) (XSU: XML SQL Utility (Oracle)) Each signal with own XML structure

14. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt XSU Improvements (1) 21 Signals 16 Signals12 Signals 1-8 Signals 1. (big) improvement: 1 timestamp for all signals

15. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt XSU Improvement (2) 2. (small) improvement: Timestamps in separate XML structure

16. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt XSU Improvement (3) 3. (big) improvement: use of internal XSLT

17. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Eppler 12 May 2003GSI Darmstadt Conclusion Still many problems with XML Especially problematic: XML Query(-> Oracle XSU) OPC XML (-> OPC XML HDR, OCI, LOGOS) Significance of XML in future undoubtful More and more same techniques in Industrial automation Office applications Enterprise solutions Physical experiments because of same components: database, internet, browser, documentation, GUI, graphics,... and of same problems: fast data access, good searching capabilities, flexible software,... -> Connection to Grid Computing