1. A Flawed Peace

2. Jan. 18, 1919: conference at Palace of Versailles (Paris Peace Conference)  32 countries represented

3. I. The Allies Meet & Debate The Big Four:  Woodrow Wilson (U.S.)  Georges Clemenceau (Fr.)  David Lloyd George (G.B.)  Vittorio Orlando (Italy) Russia not represented (civil war) Germany & allies not represented

4. A. Wilson’s Plan for Peace Jan. 1918: Pres. Wilson drew up peace plan Fourteen Points:  First four: End to secret treaties, freedom of seas, free trade, reduced nat’l armies & navies  Fifth: Adjustment of colonies w/fairness toward colonial peoples  Six thru Thirteen: Change borders & create new nations  *Fourteenth Point: Proposed “general association of nations”

5. A. The Versailles Treaty Brit. & Fr. = destroy Germany!  Compromise The Treaty of Versailles (June 28, 1919)  League of Nations created (Fourteenth Point)  Punished Germany: Lost territory & most of military Article 231: “war guilt clause” –war reparations!  $32 bill. (1919)  $394 bill. (2005) Territories = mandates of Allies

7. II. A Troubled Treaty Versailles Treaty = 1 of 5 treaties  Created bitter feelings

8. A. The Creation of New Nations Western powers = separate treaties w/others  Aust-Hung., Bulgaria, Ottomans New countries:  Aust-Hung: Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, & Yugoslavia  Ottoman Emp: Turkey  Russia: lost land

10. B. Peace Built on “Quicksand” Treaty of Versailles not successful  U.S. rejected treaty (League of Nations)  German = bitter & hatred  Colonies’ independence was DENIED  Italy & Japan  WWII