1. EPIDEMIOLOGY

2. MORBIDITY VS MORTALITY SUVEILLANCE OF DISEASE OCCURRENCE REPORTING SYSTEM FROM INDIVIDUAL DOCTORS TO COUNTY, STATE AND FEDERAL PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION IN ATLANTA GEORGIA

3. STATISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY PROBABILITY OF EXPOSURE PROBABILITY OF TRANSMISSION

4. HISTORY OF EPIDEMIOLOGY JOHN SNOW AND CHOLERA

5. TYPES OF STUDIES DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY ANALYTICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

6. DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES DESCRIBES PATTERNS OF DISEASE IN POPULATIONS USING AGE, GENDER, GEOGRAPHIC AREA AND TIME OF OCCURENCE

7. ESCHERICHIA COLI E. COLI O157:H7 JANUARY 1993 -WASHINGTON STATE SEVERE BLOODY DIARRHEA FOUND IN HAMBURGER MEAT

8. ANALYTICAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES USE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ESTABLISHES CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIPS COHORT STUDY CASE CONTROL STUDY

9. COHORT STUDY MOST DEFINITIVE STUDY GROUPS WITH AND WITHOUT RISK FACTORS LEGIONAIRE’S DISEASE

10. CASE CONTROL STUDY INDIVIDUALS WITH DISEASE ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE WITHOUT HANTAVIRUS

11. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ANIMAL STUDIES HUMAN STUDIES

12. TERMS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY INCIDENCE –NUMBER OF NEW CASES SEEN IN A SPECIFIC TIME PERIOD PREVELANCE –TOTAL NUMBER OF CASES AT ANY ONE TIME

13. MORBIDITY RATE EXPRESSED AS CASES PER 10,000 PER YEAR

14. MORTALITY RATE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS WHO DIE AS OF A SPECIFIC DISEASE PUBLISHED IN MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORTS

15. PATTERNS OF DISEASE OCCURENCE ENDEMIC, EPIDEMIC, PANDEMIC AND SPORADIC DISEASES

16. ENDEMIC DISEASE CONSTANTLY PRESENT PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHIC AREA INVOLVES RELATIVELY FEW INDIVIDUALS NOT MAJOR HEALTH PROBLEM TUBERCULOSIS AND MUMPS IN US GONORRHEA AND CHANCROID IN WORLD

17. EPIDEMIC DISEASE UNUSUAL OCCURENCE OF DISEASE INVOLVES LARGE SEGMENT OF POPULATION FOR LIMITED TIME ENDEMIC DISEASES CAN BECOME EPIDEMIC INFLUENZA, MEASLES AND CHICKEN POX

18. PANDEMIC DISEASE SERIES OF EPIDEMICS AFFECT SEVERAL COUNTRIES MAJOR PORTIONS OF THE WORLD INFLUENZA PANDEMIC OF 1918-1919 HIV AND AIDS GENITAL HERPES AND GENITAL WARTS

19. SPORADIC DISEASES UNCOMMON OCCUR IRREGULARLY AFFECT FEW PEOPLE DIPHTHERIA AND WHOOPING COUGH CAN OCCASIONALLY BECOME EPIDEMIC

20. TYPES OF EPIDEMICS COMMON SOURCE PERSON TO PERSON http://uhavax.hartford.edu/bugl/histepi.htm http://en.allexperts.com/e/e/ep/epidemic.ht mhttp://en.allexperts.com/e/e/ep/epidemic.ht m

21. COMMON SOURCE EPIDEMICS SINGLE EXPOSURE SOURCE RAPID ONSET OF DISEASE CASES RAPID DECLINE OF DISEASE CASES

22. PERSON TO PERSON EPIDEMIC PROPOGATED SLOW PROLONGED RISE OF CASES SLOW PROLONGED DECLINE IN CASES

23. INFLUENZA EPIDEMICS PRIME EXAMPLE OF PERSON TO PERSON EPIDEMICS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION TRIES TO LIMIT BY VACCINES SOMETIMES WORKS SOMETIMES NOT

24. DISEASE TRANSMISSION

25. RESERVOIRS SUPPORTS SURVIVAL, MULTIPLICATION, AND TRANSMISSION LIVING RESERVOIRS NONLIVING RESERVOIRS

26. TERMS VECTORS VEHICLES FOMITES

27. HUMAN RESERVOIRS MOST HUMAN PATHOGENS CANNOT LIVE OUTSIDE HOST LONG MANY RESTICTED ALMOST ENTIRELY TO HUMANS

28. POTENTIALSOURCES BODY FLUIDS FECES URINE SEMEN AND DISCHARGES FROM GENITOURINARY TRACT SALIVA FROM MOUTH MUCUS FROM RESPIRATORY TRACT BLOOD DISCHARGES FROM SORES AND WOUNDS

29. CARRIERS HOST WHO HARBORS PATHOGENS THAT ARE TRANSMISSIBLE TO OTHERS HEALTHY CARRIERS INCUBATORY CARRIERS CONVALESCENT CARRIERS INTERMITTENT CARRIERS

30. ZOONOSES & VECTOR TRANSMITTED DISEASES RABIES YELLOW FEVER PLAGUE ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER TYPHUS FEVER LYME DISEASE LEISHMANIASIS AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS CHAGA’S DISEASE VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS MALARIA

31. NONLIVING RESERVOIRS FOMITES VEHICLES

32. PORTALS OF ENTRY SKIN MUCOUS MEMBRANES RESPIRATORY GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT URINARY TRACT PARAENTERAL ROUTE – WOUNDS, ANIMAL BITES, INJURIES PATHOGENS ARE GENERALLY RESTRICTED TO SPECIFIC PORTALS

33. INFECTIOUS DOSE NUMBER OF PATHOGENS NEEDED TO CAUSE DISEASE VARIES FROM ONE TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS HIV REQUIRES LARGE DOSES ENCAPSULATED STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE JUST A FEW PATHOGEN MUST OVERCOME HOST DEFENSES

34. FACTORS THAT AFFECT INFECTIOUS DOSE HOST DEFENSES ABILITY OF MICROBE TO OVERCOME DEFENSES MALNUTRITION IMMUNITY OF HOST

35. PORTALS OF EXIT DISCHARGED WITH BODY FLUIDS AND WASTES SNEEZING, COUGHING, TALKING VAGINA AND SEMEN SECRETIONS

36. TRANSMISSION AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION VEHICLE TRANSMISSION FOOD WATER DIRECT SEXUAL CONTACT VECTOR TRANSMISSION ZOONOSES DIRECT SKIN CONTACT NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION BY BODY FLUIDS

37. AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION COMMON CORYZA INFLUENZA LEGIONNAIRE’S DISEASE TUBERCULOSIS HISTOPLASMOSIS COCCIDIOMYCOSIS

38. VEHICLE TRANSMISSION- FOOD POISONING OR INTOXICATION INFECTIONS

39. FOOD POISONING OR INTOXICATAION STAPHYLOCOCCAL FOOD POISONING BOTULISM

40. GASTROENTERITIS AND ENTEROCOLITIS VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS BACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS BACTERIAL ENTEROCOLITIS E. COLI O157:H7 TYPHOID FEVER SHIGELLOSIS HEPATITIS GIARDIASIS CYRPTOSPORIDISOSIS TOXOPLASMOSIS YERSINIOSIS

41. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES AIDS GENITAL HERPES GENITAL WARTS GONORRHEA SYPHILIS NONGONOCOCCAL URETHRITIS

42. DIRECT TRANSMISSION BY SKIN CONTACT WARTS LEPROSY TINEA

43. INDIRECT CONTACT FOMITES ARE CONTAMINATED WITH PATHOGENS

44. VECTORS ARTHROPODS ARE MOST COMMON VECTOR MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION BIOLOGICAL TRANSMISSION

45. MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION SIMPLE PASSIVE TRANSPORT PATHOGENS ARE CARRIED ON INSECTS (USUALLY) FEET OR BODY PARTS –FLIES ON FOOD

46. BIOLOGICAL TRANSMISSION MORE COMPLEX PATHOGENS REPRODUCE BOTH IN VECTOR AND HOST

47. ALTERNATE HOST HOST WHERE ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION OCCURS

48. DETERMINANT HOST HOST WHERE SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OCCURS

49. NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS SERUM HEPATITIS PUERPERAL FEVER\INFECTIONS AFTER SURGERY

50. SERUM HEPATITIS EBOLA

51. DISEASE PREVENTION REMOVAL OF PATHOGEN FROM FOOD AND WATER SOURCES VECTOR CONTROL ISOLATION AND QUARANTINE VACCINATION http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health /hygiene/emergencies/em2002chap11.pdf

52. REMOVAL OF PATHOGENS FROM FOOD AND WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT WATER TREATMENT PASTEURIZATION CANNING OF FOOD

53. VECTOR CONTROL REDUCE INSECT NUMBERS LICE MOSQUITOS TICKS FLEAS

54. ISOLATION AND QUARANTINE PREVENT EXPOSURE OF OTHER TO DISEASE PATHOGENS

55. VACCINATIONS ATTEMPTING TO MAKE IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY HERD IMMUNITY

56. TYPES OF VACCINATIONS TOXOIDS KILLED MICROBE INACTIVATED MICROBE ATTENUATED MICROBE INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS OF MICROBE VECTOR VACCINES

57. BOOSTER VACCINES GIVES MULTIPLE EXPOSURES TO ANTIGEN MAINTAINS IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY

58. TYPES OF VACCINATIONS INTRADERMAL SUBCUTANEOUS INTRAMUSCULAR INTRAVENOUS ORALLY

59. ROLE OF ADJUVANTS CHEMICALS THAT ENHANCE ANTIGENICITY ALUMINUM ALUM

60. VACCINES FOR PREVENTION OF OF DISEASES PROPHYLAXIS –TETANUS –RABIES