1. A thin stream of water bends toward a negatively charged rod
A thin stream of water bends toward a negatively charged rod. When a positively charged rod is placed near the stream, it will bend in the
Ch 22-2
1. opposite direction. 2. same direction. 3. … but it won’t bend at all.

2. A thin stream of water bends toward a negatively charged rod
A thin stream of water bends toward a negatively charged rod. When a positively charged rod is placed near the stream, it will bend in the
Ch 22-2
Answer: 2
If you answered 1, you likely thought the bending was due to positively charged water. But the water, even with many ions, normally has no appreciable net charge. The interaction between the charged rod and the water stream is mainly due to the dipole nature of water molecules. H2O molecules are electric dipoles, positive on the hydrogen side and negative on the oxygen side. Like compasses that align along a magnetic field, H2Os align along the electric field of the nearby rod—whether the rod is positive or negative. For both magnets and charges, the closest aligned pole or charge is always opposite in sign. Opposites attract, so net attraction is the result.
1. opposite direction. 2. same direction. 3. … but it won’t bend at all.

3. Which is more dangerous,
1. touching a faulty 110-volt light bulb? 2. touching a Van de Graaff generator charged to 100,000 volts?

4. Which is more dangerous,
Answer: 1
Touching the Van de Graaff generator may be a hair-raising experience, but touching the 110-volt faulty fixture could be the last thing you do. The charged generator nicely illustrates the difference between electric potential energy and electric potential. Electric potential is electric potential energy per charge. Although the generator may be charged to an electric potential of 100,000 V, the amount of charge is relatively small. That and the short time of charge transfer is why you’re normally not harmed when it discharges through you. In contrast, if you become the short circuit for household 110 volts, the sustained transfer of charge is appreciable. Less energy per charge, but many, many more charges!
1. touching a faulty 110-volt light bulb? 2. touching a Van de Graaff generator charged to 100,000 volts?