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Biomes
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Factors that determine biome distribution
Climate Temperature Moisture Wind Ocean currents Geography – Latitude and altitude Soil type
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Moisture - Precipitation
Type Rain Snow Fog Amount Season Monsoon Rainshadow
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Topographic Features
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WindPatterns
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Ocean Currents
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Now…for the rest of the period
As a group, produce a document (scrawl on a piece of paper) indicating Your project choice and format What you have done so far What you still need to do to get a 100% on the project
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The Terrestrial Biomes
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Tropical Rain Forest 200-400 cm annual rainfall
Warm – found around the Equator High species diversity Soil infertile Many plants are epiphytes AKA jungle Threatened by logging
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Desert Less than 25 cm annual rainfall Temperature extremes
Vegetation sparse Caused by rainshadowing
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Savanna Tropical grassland Annual rainfall 90-150 cm, seasonal
Open landscape with widely spaced trees Often large herding animals
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Temperate Deciduous Forest
Annual precipitation cm. Distinct seasons Hardwood trees that shed their leaves Eastern North American, Western Europe Threaten by logging, development
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Temperate Grasslands AKA prairie, pampas Moderate climate
Annual rainfall less than deciduous forest, more than desert Populated by large herding animals Threatened by agriculture and development Fire climax
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Taiga Northern conifer forests Cold, wet Threatened by logging
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Tundra Annual precipitation 25 cm Cold, treeless Permafrost
Home to migratory waterfowl, large mammals and mosquitoes Threatened by mining and oil exploration
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Chaparral Mild moist winter Hot dry summer “California climate”
Adapted to fires
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Temperate Rain Forest Pacific Northwest
Mild wet winters, cool foggy summers Old growth trees, mosses Threatened by logging
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Aquatic Biomes 75% of the earth’s surface is covered by water
Characterized by Salinity Temperature Light levels
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Freshwater Communities
Lakes cover 1.8% of the Earth’s surface Rivers and streams cover .8% of the earth’s surface
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Mountain Stream Swift flowing water Rocks, Mosses Cold
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Freshwater Lake Still water
Distribution of life depends on light and oxygen levels
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Swamp Flooded forest
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Marsh Wet grassland “Nature’s kidneys”
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Marine Communities Shallow waters Surface Depths
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Estuaries Where freshwater and saltwater mingle Bays, lagoons, inlets
Organisms found here have to tolerate changes in salinity
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Beaches and Shores Organisms need to handle tidal extremes and wave action
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Kelp Forest
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Coral Reef
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