1. 1 ProQuest® Historical Newspapers Chicago Defender Winter 2006

2. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 2 Founded in 1905 Weekly newspaper from 1905 – 1956 Weekend & Daily (M – Th) 1956 - 1975 Digitizing 1909 – 1975 –1905 – 1908 not available on microfilm or print –Will digitize these years if they become available

3. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 3 Chicago Defender Production Schedule (1909 – 1975) October 2005 Release –Weekend edition from 1935 - 1975 2006 Releases –Weekend edition 1909 – 1934 –Daily edition (M – Th) 1956 - 1975

4. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 4 Chicago Defender One of the most important African-American newspapers in the U.S., with more than two-thirds of its readership outside Chicago Leading proponent of the Great Migration, the move of over 1.5 million African-Americans from segregated South to industrial North, 1915–1925 Covered the Red Summer Riots of 1919 (race riots) Editorialized for anti-lynching legislation Noted for the quality of its writers including: –Author Langston Hughes, whose Simple stories first appeared in the Defender column he wrote for more than 20 years, starting in 1942 –Poet Gwendolyn Brooks, appointed poet laureate of Illinois in 1968 –Novelist Willard Motley, author of Knock Down Any Door; compared to realist Theodore Dreiser –Novelist and civil rights activist Walter White

5. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 5 The Defender urged equal treatment of black soldiers during World War I. During World War II the Defender, like other black newspapers, protested the treatment of black servicemen and urged the integration of the armed forces.

6. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 6 The Defender reported on the major events of the Civil Rights movement, praising the decision in Brown v. Topeka Board of Education and reporting the success of the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

7. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 7 Not only did the Defender report on politics and editorialize on social issues, but it also covered sports, music – especially jazz – and other cultural events important to the African- American community

8. ProQuest Total Newspaper Solutions 8 Historical Newspapers Thank you for your time! To find additional HNP resources, please visit www.proquestk12.com. For further questions and support, please call your ProQuest sales representative at 1.800.521.0600, ext. 3344.