2. England’s Early Settlement of Virginia Roanoke and Jamestown

3. Elizabeth I Reigned 1558 – 1603 Wanted colonies to compete with Spain (mercantilism) ◦ Spread Protestant faith ◦ Provide raw materials ◦ Be a market for English goods

4. Roanoke Island (Lost Colony) charter Queen Elizabeth gave Sir Walter Raleigh a charter (a document that allowed colonists to live on land owned by their country.) to begin a colony in the North America.

5. Roanoke 1580s – The Lost Colony Poorly planned and supplied Poorly planned and supplied ◦ Failed ◦ Failed due to hunger and bad relations with the Native Americans. ◦ All but 15 men went back to England on a ship.

7. James I Reigned 1603-1625 Wanted colonies that would economically help England Wanted to get rid of people who don’t want to follow the Church of England

8. Jamestown -1607 The First Permanent English Settlement In 1606, King James I gave permission to the Virginia Company of London to try a colony. ◦Joint-stock company ◦First to settle Jamestown Jamestown Virginia Jamestown was named after the King James I and Virginia was named after Elizabeth I, the Virgin Queen of England.

9. Hardship in Jamestown Lead by John Smith Gentlemen did not want to work. ◦ John Smith ◦ John Smith – “He who will not work, shall not eat” John Smith returns to England in 1609 ◦ Leads to poor colonial leadership Not educated in how to plant food in Virginia. ◦ The Starving Time ◦ The Starving Time – 1609 Native American attacks Disease

10. Jamestown Thrives John Rolfe – arrives in Jamestown in 1610 ◦ Married Pocahontas – daughter of Powhatan chief Experimented with planting Caribbean tobacco seeds in fertile Virginia soil. The cash crop was the savior of the colony of Jamestown and Virginia Free Enterprise ◦ Business not interfered with by government ◦ Colonists farmed the land for profit ◦ Private land ownershipexpanded ◦ Private land ownership expanded

11. House of Burgesses Start of Representative Government Virginia Company allows creation of a representative body 1619 – Virginia Company allows creation of a representative body ◦ Gave people a voice in their government ◦ Ten towns sent 2 representatives called burgesses to an assembly

12. New Arrivals change Jamestown 1 st English settlement to use African slaves Jamestown – 1 st English settlement to use African slaves “20 & odd Negroes, which the governor & cape merchant bought…at the best & easiest rate they could” ◦Written by John Rolfe in 1619

13. A Review of Jamestown (Virginia) 1607 First permanent English Settlement in North America Created by Virginia Company of London ◦ Joint Stock Company ◦ created colony to make profit for investors Many hardships faced John Rolfe’s tobacco plant created wealth House of Burgesses in 1619 Created House of Burgesses in 1619 ◦ First representative body in American colonies John Smith

14. Reading Like a Historian Examining Passenger Lists

15. Background Information Between 1150 and 1650 England’s population increased from 3 million to 5 million ◦English Colonies provided an outlet for people who needed jobs or land

16. In 1634 King Charles ordered that information be recorded about all people sailing abroad ◦Didn’t want to lose wealthier subjects ◦Make sure ◦passengers were loyal to the king and Church of England Background Information

17. Many people became indentured servants ◦Worked for 7 years to pay off the price of their passage to the New World ◦75-80% of the men and women who came to Virginia (Chesapeake Region) were servants Background Information