1. Conflict Around the World

2. Korea North Korea (Soviet backed) vs South Korea (US backed) – 38 th parallel crossed by the North – Containment was being put to the test – UN troops would push North forces back – After 3 years, 4 million soldiers and civilians died – Cease fire reestablished the 38 th parallel

3. Korean War

4. Vietnam Japan surrenders in WWII Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh (communist nationalist) claims independence Formally a French colony, they want it back France invades Vietnam, no success IKE’s Domino theory Geneva Accords – Divided Vietnam into North and South – Communist North vs Anti-Communist South

5. Vietnam Ho Chi minh vs Ngo Dinh Diem Rise in Vietcong (Southern rebels, communist loyalists) US enters the War, China and USSR support Communist North and Vietcong Public Pressure and lack of success, US pulls out under Vietnamization, 1973 troops out. 1975 North takes over South

6. Vietnam War

7. Cambodia Khmer Rouge – Brutal communist regime under Pol Pot – Millions murdered – In 1993, UN helped establish free elections

9. Cuba Fidel Castro leads the revolution Bay of Pigs Invasion – CIA backed - failed invasion Cuban Missile Crisis – Nikita Khrushchev vs JFK

10. Cuba

11. Nicaragua Daniel Ortega leads a communist revolution supported by initially by US and USSR. Started giving assistance to other Marxist rebels So, US began supporting contras (anti- communists) in Nicaragua Civil War weakened the nation led to free elections in 1990

12. Nicaragua

13. Iran US backed Shah (King) of Iran – Pro Western Ayatollahs (Muslim clerics) opposed this relationship – 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini led a revolution to overthrow the Shah War with Iraq – Aided by USSR and US, to maintain balance in the region

14. Shah Pahlavi vs Ayatollah Khomeini

15. Afghanistan 1950s, Soviet influence threatened Afghan independence 1970s, Muslim revolt threatens Afghan Communist government 1979 Soviet Union invades Afghan rebel soldiers equipped and trained by the US 1989 Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev withdraws troops

16. Taliban and Mujahideen Fighters