1. Chapter 12
SERVICES

2. Warm-Up
Which of the following is NOT considered a main type of business service?
A. financial
B. recreational
C. professional
D. information

3. Davidsonville, MD 21035 Population: 7,305
Land Area: 1,481 square miles
Avg. Income $175,345

4. Annapolis, MD 21403 Population: 38,620 Land Area: 7.18 square miles
Avg Income $49,325

5. Washington D.C. 20001 Population: 632,323 Land Area: 61 square miles
Avg Income $50,521

6. Which towns would be likely to have:
Gas station?
Fast-food restaurant?
General practictioner?
Shopping center?
Shopping mall?
Movie theater?
Theater for plays and performances?
Professional piano tuner?
Lawyer for traffic court?
Neurosurgeon?
Thrift store?
Lawyer for international litigation?
Luxury fashion shop (e.g., Fendi, Prada, Versace)?

7. What is the “obvious” answer?
More specialized services will be located in the larger city, while basic services will be found in every town.
Which of the jobs mentioned are highly specialized? Which are more basic?

8. Range vs. Threshold High-Range services
Specialized enough that people will travel great distances to use them.
All people within the range are potential customers
However, many services are so specialized that a low percentage of people within their range will actually use the service
Examples?

9. Range vs. Threshold High-Threshold activities Can have low ranges
Need a large population to support the business
People will not travel very far for the service
Service locates central to large populations
Examples??

10. Agree or Disagree
Primary sector jobs are more important than tertiary sector jobs.
Primary sector workers are more specialized than tertiary and secondary workers.
Tertiary jobs are more valuable than primary jobs.
A teacher and a janitor are equally valuable in society.
A banker is more valuable than a miner.

11. In your opinion:
What is “real” work? Give a specific example (or two, or three…) and support your opinion!!

12. SERVICE
Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it.
Services are located in settlements
A settlement is a permanent collection of buildings, where people reside, work, and obtain services
Settlements occupy less than 1 percent of the Earth’s surface
But they are home to most humans very few live in isolation

13. Industrial Location & Service Location
Industry must be located to a balance of site and situation factors
Optimal location for services is near their customers

14. KI 1:Where Did Services Originate?
Three Types of Services
Consumer services
Business services
Public services

15. Consumer Services ½ of all jobs in the U.S. are in consumer services
Four main types are:
Retail-15% of all U.S. jobs
Education-10% of all U.S. jobs
Health-12% of all U.S. jobs
Leisure and Hospitality Services-10% of all U.S. jobs

16. Business Services
Facilitate other businesses. 24% of all jobs in the U.S. are in the three types of business services:
Financial Services-6% of all U.S. jobs “FIRE”
Professional Services-12% of all U.S. jobs (1/2 in technical support; ½ in support services)
Transportation and Information Services-6% of all U.S. jobs

17. Public Services
Purpose: to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses.
17% of all U.S. jobs are in the public sector
¼ of public-sector employees work for the federal government
¼ state governments
¼ one of the local governments

18. Early Consumer Services

19. Until the invention of skyscrapers in the late 19th century, religious buildings were often the tallest structures in a community.

20. Settlements
Places to house families, permitting males to travel farther and faster in their search for food.
Women kept “home and hearth”
Variety of consumer services expanded as people began to specialize.
Settlements took on retail-service functions

21. Early Public Services
Followed religious activities into early settlements
Political leaders chose to live permanently in a settlement
Good base from which the group could defend food sources
WALLS! Settlements became citadels

22. Early Business Services
Everyone in settlement needed food
Safe place for trade of goods and services
Trade facilitated by regulating transactions

23. Warm-UP: Summarize
Write 3 sentences in response to the following questions:
Where did services originate?
Where are contemporary services located?
Why are consumer services distributed in a regular pattern?
Why do business services locate in large settlements?