1. Executive Branch
Chapters

2. Article II in the Constitution President’s Job
Chapter 13
Section 1
Article II in the Constitution
President’s Job
Roles
Chief of State:
Chief of Executive:
Chief Administrator:
Chief Diplomat:
Commander in Chief:
Chief Legislator:
Party Chief:
Chief Citizen:

3. Section 1 Ch. 13 cont. Formal Qualifications President’s Term
Natural Born Citizen
35 years old
Lived in U.S. for 14 years
President’s Term
4 years : Hamilton – Federalist Papers No. 71 = long enough to gain experience, demonstrate abilities, and establish stable policies.
No term limit until 1951 in the Constitution b/c of Washington the “no third term tradition” became and unwritten rule in politics
22nd amendment: 2 term limit / 10 year max.

4. Section 1 Ch. 13 cont. Pay and Benefits of President
Fixed by Congress now at $400,000 / year
Initially set at 25,000/year in 1789
Since 1949: 50,000 expense account per year.
Each former Pres. – 143,000 / year pension
First ladies = 20,000 / year
Other Benefits: White House, air force one, marine one, yacht, cars, Camp David
All President’s assets put into a blind trust.

5. Presidential Succession and the V.P.
Ch. 13 Section 2
Presidential Succession and the V.P.
25th Amendment
Constitution originally did not provide for succession
1841: informal amendment to the constitution through custom (started with John Tyler)
Line of Succession determined 1-17 by the Presidential Succession Act of 1947.
Presidential Disability (25th Amendment)
V.P. takes over as acting President if…
President informs Congress in writing
V.P. and Majority of Cabinet inform Congress in Writing
President can challenge the process and Congress will have 21 days to decide if he/she is fit to lead.

6. Vice President
“I am Vice President, In this I am nothing but I may be everything.” John Adams
Duties:
“a President-in-waiting”
Preside over senate
Help decide Presidential Disability
8 Presidents have died in office and 1 forced to resign.
If V.P. takes over as President they will have to nominate a New V.P. to be approved by Congress.

7. Chapter 14 Section 1 Presidential Powers Original intention of 1787
Why have they grown?
Unity of the President (1 leader always agrees with himself/herself)
Pressure from social and economic life of a nation/people
Emergencies (war, pearl harbor, 9/11)
Congress: to be efficient it delegated authority to the President
Roles: Attract and hold public attention - media

8. President’s Executive Power
Executing the law: use own discretion as to which laws are executed/enforced vigorously and which are lesser
Ordinance Power: directive, rule, regulation with the force of law
Not expressly written in Constitution but implied and given by Congressional Acts that the Executive Order exists.
Appointing Power: Names top ranking officers in white house and Judiciary
President Nominates = senate approves it
Removal Power
Can remove an appointed official without approval of Congress (except a judge!)

9. Powers cont. Diplomatic Powers Military
Make treaties (with congressional approval)
Executive Agreements
Recognition of another Country and it’s government
Military
President can make undeclared war
Use forces abroad in combat over 200 times in our History
Korea and Vietnam were never technically “war” as declared by Congress.

10. WAR POWERS RESOLUTION of 1973
1. -Vetoed by Nixon – overridden by Congress
2. -Within 48 hours of committing troops president must report to Congress on circumstances
limit to use in combat unless otherwise extended by Congress (+ 30 days to withdraw = 90 days total)
4. -Congress may bring an end to the commitment by passing a concurrent resolution to do so

11. Powers of the President cont.
Legislative Powers
Recommend legislation
Veto Power
Judicial Powers
Reprieve
Pardon
Commute (reduce) a sentence
Amnesty
1893 Harrison forgave Mormons
1977 Carter grants a blanket pardon for Vietnam draft dodgers

12. Acronyms How many can you name?
HUD
FEC
FDIC
SEC
FEMA
NSA
FCC
CIA
FBI
NASA
USPS
DOD
DOT
OMB

13. Office of the President and the Cabinet
Chapter 14
Section 5
Office of the President and the Cabinet
E.O.P. : complex of several separate agencies staffed by the President’s most trusted advisers and assistants
White House Office
National Security Council (NSC)
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Office of National Drug Control Policy
Council of Economic Advisors
Office of Policy Development
Council on Environmental Quality
Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
Office of Science and Technology
Office of Administration
Cabinet (Advisors as the head / secretary of 15 executive departments)

14. Chapter 15 Section 1 Federal Bureaucracy What is it?
3 principles
1. hierarchical authority
2. job specialization
3. Formal Rules
Major groups of administrative agencies
1. Executive office of the President
cabinet departments
3. large number of independent agencies
Departments = ex. DOL / DOD
Agency = ex. CIA / NSA
Administration = ex. TSA
Commission = ex. FCC
Bureau = ex. FBI / BMV

15. Section 3 - The Civil Service
See internet worksheet?
Section 3 - The Civil Service
Words to know:
Spoils system-
Patronage –
Pendleton Act-
Register –
Questions to Answer:
What standard did Washington set for federal employment?
What can’t federal employees participate in (types of activity)?
What is the goal of Civil Service today?
How did (why did) Civil Service come to be?