1. Seismic interferometry for passive and exploration data:
reconstruction of
internal multiples
Kees Wapenaar
76th SEG meeting, New Orleans
October 3, 2006

2. Seismic interferometry :
obtaining new seismic responses by X-correlation
Claerbout, (1-D version)
Schuster, 2001, 2004 (interferometric imaging)
Weaver and Lobkis, 2001 (diffuse wave fields)
Wapenaar, Draganov et al., 2002, 2004 (reciprocity)
Derode et al., 2003 (time-reversal)
Campillo and Paul, 2003 (surface waves)
Berkhout and Verschuur, 2003 (primaries from multiples)
Snieder, 2004 (stationary phase)
Bakulin and Calvert, 2004 (virtual source)
Gerstoft, Sabra et al., 2004 (surface wave tomography)
Van Manen, Robertsson & Curtis, 2005 (modeling)

4. Modification for passive data

5. Modification for exploration data

6. Monopole at x

7. Dipole at x

9. High-frequency
approximation

10. High-frequency
approximation
Far-field
(Fraunhofer)

11. High-frequency
approximation
Far-field
(Fraunhofer)

13. Uncorrelated noise sources:

14. Uncorrelated noise sources:

18. Modification for passive data

19. Free surface

20. High-frequency
approximation
Free surface

21. High-frequency
approximation
Free surface
Far-field
approximation
(Fraunhofer)

22. High-frequency
approximation
Free surface
Far-field
approximation
(Fraunhofer)

23. Free surface

24. Free surface
Uncorrelated noise sources

25. Draganov and Wapenaar, SEG 2005

26. Draganov and Wapenaar, SEG 2005

27. Draganov and Wapenaar, SEG 2005

28. Real data application:
Draganov et al.
Seismic interferometry on background-noise field data
Tomorrow, 8:30 AM, session CH 4, room 278

30. Modification for exploration data

34. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

35. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

36. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

37. Analysis of integral over for
Hence, integral over alone is not sufficient

38. Analysis of integral over for
‘Sufficiently
inhomogeneous’
Analysis of integral over for
Hence, integral over alone is sufficient !

40. 25 layers

41. 250 layers

42. 250 layers

43. 3000
2000
1500
(a)
1000 1 2 3 5
(b)
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
(c)

44. 3000
2000
1500
(a)
1000 1 2 3 5
(b)
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
(c)

45. 3000
2000
1500
(a)
1000 1 2 3 5
(b)
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
(c)

46. 3000
2000
1500
(a)
1000 1 2 3 5
(b)
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
(c)

47. 25
layers
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

48. 250
layers
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

49. Observations:
Exact reconstruction possible from sources on alone
The full coda contributes to the reconstruction of early arrivals:
Hence, (much) longer registrations required
To be investigated:
Stability (Snieder and Scales)
More realistic configurations
Comparison with virtual source (Bakulin and Calvert)
Comparison with primaries from multiples (Berkhout and Verschuur)
Effect of anelastic losses
Elastodynamic extension

50. Seismic interferometry for multicomponent exploration data
From 3-component data to x3 component data

51. Seismic interferometry for multicomponent exploration data
From 3-component data to x3 component data

52. Conclusions
Exact representation requires sources on closed surface

53. Conclusions Exact representation requires sources on closed surface
For passive data: sources in subsurface suffice

54. Conclusions Exact representation requires sources on closed surface
For passive data: sources in subsurface suffice
For exploration data: sources at surface suffice if medium
is sufficient inhomogeneous

55. Conclusions Exact representation requires sources on closed surface
For passive data: sources in subsurface suffice
For exploration data: sources at surface suffice if medium
is sufficient inhomogeneous
The full coda contributes to the reconstruction of early arrivals
Hence, (much) longer registrations required

56. Conclusions Exact representation requires sources on closed surface
For passive data: sources in subsurface suffice
For exploration data: sources at surface suffice if medium
is sufficient inhomogeneous
The full coda contributes to the reconstruction of early arrivals
Hence, (much) longer registrations required
Extension to multicomponent data

58. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006

59. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006
-1.0
-1.0
-0.5
-0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006

60. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006

61. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006

62. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006

63. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006

64. Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006
-1.0
-1.0
-0.5
-0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
Snieder, Wapenaar and Larner, 2006