1. Paulo Ferrao Stephen R. Connors David Marks MIT-Portugal Green Island Project

2. Example: São Miguel and Flores São Miguel and Flores – Two very different islands: population, economy, energy demand, current power system, renewable resources Long-Term Transform- action of ALL Energy Supplies and Demands

3. What do Energy Clients want ?

4. What are the Long-Term Paths? What is there in the market ? What, when, where and how (& how much)? How to achieve “substantial and sustained reductions” in fuels, emissions, costs? Electricity Mix - Azores (EDA) 202020302040 New Air Conditioners, Ponta Delgada

5. Renewable energy Opportunity for ESD: Technological Social Economic Balancing Supply & Demand

6. Transforming Energy Systems Recommendations for Energy Importing Regions to simultaneously meet Climate Change and Energy Security goals… – Aggressive End-Use Efficiency Requires a detailed understanding of energy use patterns, to deploy “energy efficiency.” – Diversify Domestically Requires a detailed understanding of the size, temporal and spatial variability of energy sources and sinks. – Modernize Energy Networks Requires a detailed understanding of the above and network thresholds and important infrastructure “nodes and modes” including energy storage. …but we need new models to design these complex Systems

7. New Challenges for ESD Looking at Energy Supply and Demand in Time and Space Aggregate Economic- Policy Models Detailed Technology Models Aggregate Planning Models Sustainable Energy Systems for Implementation Sustainable Energy Systems for Implementation

8. Partnering for Green Islands A Diverse Project Looking for Partners Understanding the Islands’ Energy Needs and Supplies Understanding energy in space and time Developing a full understanding of local resources Developing New Ideas for Future Islands’ Economic and Energy Needs and Options Future electricity supplies, inlcuding energy storage Exploring new transportation options, including electricity Looking at ways to reduce energy use, including innovations in buildings and construction Partnering to Realize this New Energy Economy for the Azores Develop new innovative demonstration and pilot projects that put these plans into practice