1. Marine Environment Division International Maritime Organization
IMO: Mitigating air pollution from ships Oceans Day Copenhagen 14 December 2009
Karin Sjolin-Frudd
Senior Adviser
Marine Environment Division
International Maritime Organization 1 1

2. The International Maritime Organization (IMO)
A specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1948 – working since 1958
169 Member States
Mandated to develop and maintain a comprehensive regulatory framework for all aspects of shipping - 51 treaty instruments
Safety, environment, legal matters, technical co-operation, maritime security, seafarer’s training and certification and efficiency of shipping   2

3. IMO’s environmental work
Up to 1990’s the main emphasis was on prevention and control of pollution by oil, chemicals, sewage and garbage
From then on:
regulatory work expanded to atmospheric protection: prevention of air pollution and reduction of GHG emissions
With the aim of protecting human health, reducing ocean acidification and combatting climate change

4. IMO’s role Focus on environment
51 treaty instruments
21 directly environment related
23 if environmental aspects of the Salvage and Wreck Removal Conventions are included

5. Reduction in serious oil spills (source: ITOPF)

6. Air pollution prevention
MARPOL Annex VI
Adopted in 1997
Regulates emissions of SOx, NOx and VOCs
. MARPOL Annex VI revised
Annex VI adopted in 2008, entry into force in 2010
Requires drastic and progressive reductions in NOx and SOx (and therefore in particulate matter)
Emission Control Areas (ECAs)
Another important environmental issue is that of air pollution. Annex VI of MARPOL deals specifically with this topic. It was adopted in 1997 and entered into force in May 2005
Among other things annex VI sets limits on sulphur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibit deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances.
Although shipping only contributes a very small proportion of the noxious substances entering the world’s atmosphere it is considered important that the industry makes a contribution to global efforts to tackle this problem

7. IMO’S WORK ON GHG EMISSIONS Summary of Second GHG Study 2009
Carbon dioxide is the most important GHG emitted by ships
International shipping: 2.7% of the global anthropogenic CO2
With no regulations, ship emissions may increase significantly as shipping grows with world trade – ACT NOW 7 7 7

8. IMO’S WORK ON GHG EMISSIONS
The Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) has developed:
Technical measures (Energy Efficiency Design Index – EEDI)
Operational measures (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan – SEEMP – and Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator – EEOI)
And is considering a number of market-based mechanisms for further development.
IMO is READY to take regulatory action on the technical and operational measures in 2010, provided… 8 8 8

9. IMO OBJECTIVES AT COP 15
THAT UNFCCC PARTIES CONTINUE ENTRUSTING IMO WITH THE REGULATION OF GHG EMISSIONS FROM INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING; AND
THAT THE SUBSEQUENT IMO REGULATORY REGIME BE APPLIED TO ALL SHIPS

10. You are welcome to visit our exhibition booth at the Bella Centre for more material and information THANK YOU
I thank you for your attention. 10 10