1. Towards the Drafting of a National Implementation Plan for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia MARPOL 73/78 KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & MINERALS Abdulaziz M. Al-Suwailem Prepared by Prepared for Ministry of Transport Prepared for Ministry of Transport

2. MARPOL 73/78 MARPOL 73/78 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (administered by IMO) Concerned with jurisdiction, inspection, and enforcement. Concerned with jurisdiction, inspection, and enforcement. First ever comprehensive anti-pollution convention dealing with ship-borne oil as well as other chemicals, harmful substances, garbage, sewage, and air pollutants. First ever comprehensive anti-pollution convention dealing with ship-borne oil as well as other chemicals, harmful substances, garbage, sewage, and air pollutants. To completely eliminate the intentional pollution of the marine environment by oil and other harmful substances; and To completely eliminate the intentional pollution of the marine environment by oil and other harmful substances; and Objectives: Objectives: To minimize the accidental discharge of such substances. To minimize the accidental discharge of such substances.

3. MARPOL 73/78: CONTENTS MARPOL 73/78: CONTENTS contains 20 Articles and 6 Annexes with Regulations contains 20 Articles and 6 Annexes with Regulations Annex I : Prevention of Pollution by Oil Annex II : Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk Annex III : Harmful Substances in Packaged Form Annex IV : Sewage Annex V : Garbage Annex VI : Air pollution Annex I : Prevention of Pollution by Oil Annex II : Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk Annex III : Harmful Substances in Packaged Form Annex IV : Sewage Annex V : Garbage Annex VI : Air pollution Annexes III, IV, V and VI are optional, but Saudi Arabia officially acceded to Annexes I–V on 23 May 2005. Annexes III, IV, V and VI are optional, but Saudi Arabia officially acceded to Annexes I–V on 23 May 2005. Therefore, Saudi Arabia is obliged to fully implement MARPOL 73/78, including Annexes I-V. Therefore, Saudi Arabia is obliged to fully implement MARPOL 73/78, including Annexes I-V. Implementation approach is discussed below! Implementation approach is discussed below!

4. USAUSA SOUTH AMERICA EUROPEEUROPE AFRICAAFRICA CANADACANADA NORTH AMERICA ASIAASIA JAPANJAPAN AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA 23 MAY 2005 KSAKSA MARPOL 73/78: RATIFICATION (as of 2004) MARPOL 73/78: RATIFICATION (as of 2004) BRAZILBRAZIL RUSSIARUSSIA

5. ANNEXCOVERAGEWORLD SAUDI ARABIA Entry into Force Accession IOil1983 23 May 2005 23 August 2005 II Noxious Liquid 1983 23 May 2005 23 August 2005 III Packaging of Harmful Substances 1992 23 May 2005 23 August 2005 IVSewage2003 23 May 2005 23 August 2005 VGarbage1988 23 May 2005 23 August 2005 VI Air Pollution 19/5/05---------- MARPOL 73/78: ENTRY INTO FORCE MARPOL 73/78: ENTRY INTO FORCE Saudi Arabia is obliged to implement Annexes I–V. Saudi Arabia is obliged to implement Annexes I–V.

6. MARPOL DEFINITIONS: VESSELS MARPOL DEFINITIONS: VESSELS Ship covers vessels of any type whatsoever operating in the Ship covers vessels of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes: marine environment and includes: Ship covers vessels of any type whatsoever operating in the Ship covers vessels of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes: marine environment and includes: Oil tanker means a ship constructed or adapted primarily to carry oil in bulk in its cargo spaces and includes combination carriers and any chemical tanker when it is carrying a cargo or part cargo of oil in bulk. Oil tanker means a ship constructed or adapted primarily to carry oil in bulk in its cargo spaces and includes combination carriers and any chemical tanker when it is carrying a cargo or part cargo of oil in bulk. hydrofoil boats, hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, submersibles, floating craft, floating craft, fixed or floating platforms, and fixed or floating platforms, and a vessel fitted with cargo spaces which are constructed and utilized to carry oil in bulk of an aggregate capacity of 200 m 3 or more. a vessel fitted with cargo spaces which are constructed and utilized to carry oil in bulk of an aggregate capacity of 200 m 3 or more. hydrofoil boats, hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, submersibles, floating craft, floating craft, fixed or floating platforms, and fixed or floating platforms, and a vessel fitted with cargo spaces which are constructed and utilized to carry oil in bulk of an aggregate capacity of 200 m 3 or more. a vessel fitted with cargo spaces which are constructed and utilized to carry oil in bulk of an aggregate capacity of 200 m 3 or more.

7. OIL TANKERS Based on Gross Registered Tonnage 1 Oil Tankers < 150 tons GRT 2 Oil Tankers ≥ 150 tons GRT SHIPS Based on tonnage Based on travel 1 Ships < 400 GRT Ocean going Ships 2 Ships ≥ 400 GRT but < 10,000 GRT Domestic Ships 3 Ships > 10,000 GRT Gross tonnage (GRT) is a measure of the internal capacity or volume of a ship, tug, or barge. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as living quarters. Gross tonnage (GRT) is a measure of the internal capacity or volume of a ship, tug, or barge. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as living quarters. MARPOL 73/78: Vessel Categories MARPOL 73/78: Vessel Categories

8. Single Hull Double Hull SINGLE-HULL TANKERS SINGLE-HULL TANKERS

9. Segregated Ballast Tanks Segregated Ballast Tanks Segregated Ballast means the ballast water introduced into a tank which is completely separated from the cargo oil and fuel oil system and which is permanently allocated to the carriage of ballast or cargoes other than oil. SINGLE-HULL TANKERS SINGLE-HULL TANKERS

10. NATIONAL AIR SPACE INTERNATIONAL AIR SPACE TERRITORIAL SEA CONTIGUOUS ZONE HIGH SEAS EEZ INTERNAL WATERS BASELINE 12 NM 24 NM 200 NM MARITIME ZONES MARITIME ZONES

11. MARPOL DEFINITIONS: SPECIAL AREA MARPOL DEFINITIONS: SPECIAL AREA Special Area means a sea area where, for recognized technical reasons in relation to its oceanographic and ecological condition and to the particular character of its traffic, the adoption of special mandatory methods for the prevention of sea pollution by oil is required, Under the Convention, these special areas are provided with a higher level of protection than other areas of the sea. Special Area means a sea area where, for recognized technical reasons in relation to its oceanographic and ecological condition and to the particular character of its traffic, the adoption of special mandatory methods for the prevention of sea pollution by oil is required, Under the Convention, these special areas are provided with a higher level of protection than other areas of the sea. Red Sea Area Red Sea Area Gulfs Area Gulfs Area Gulf of Aden Area Gulf of Aden Area Mediterranean Sea Area Mediterranean Sea Area Red Sea Area Red Sea Area Gulfs Area Gulfs Area Gulf of Aden Area Gulf of Aden Area Mediterranean Sea Area Mediterranean Sea Area Baltic Sea Area Baltic Sea Area Black Sea Area Black Sea Area Antarctic Area Antarctic Area North-West European Waters North-West European Waters Baltic Sea Area Baltic Sea Area Black Sea Area Black Sea Area Antarctic Area Antarctic Area North-West European Waters North-West European Waters List of ANNEX I (Oil) Special Areas: List of ANNEX I (Oil) Special Areas:

12. MARPOL DEFINITIONS: SPECIAL AREA MARPOL DEFINITIONS: SPECIAL AREA Baltic Sea Area Baltic Sea Area Black Sea Area Black Sea Area Antarctic Area Antarctic Area Baltic Sea Area Baltic Sea Area Black Sea Area Black Sea Area Antarctic Area Antarctic Area ANNEX II (Noxious Liquid Substances) Special Areas: ANNEX II (Noxious Liquid Substances) Special Areas: With strict controls on tank washing and residue discharge procedures! With strict controls on tank washing and residue discharge procedures! Baltic Sea area Baltic Sea area Black Sea Area Black Sea Area Red Sea area Red Sea area Gulfs area Gulfs area Mediterranean Sea Area Mediterranean Sea Area Baltic Sea area Baltic Sea area Black Sea Area Black Sea Area Red Sea area Red Sea area Gulfs area Gulfs area Mediterranean Sea Area Mediterranean Sea Area With strict controls on the disposal of garbage! With strict controls on the disposal of garbage! North Sea North Sea Antarctic Area (south of 60°S) Antarctic Area (south of 60°S) Wider Caribbean Region, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea Wider Caribbean Region, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea North Sea North Sea Antarctic Area (south of 60°S) Antarctic Area (south of 60°S) Wider Caribbean Region, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea Wider Caribbean Region, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea ANNEX V (Garbage) Special Areas: ANNEX V (Garbage) Special Areas:

13. MARPOL 73/78

14. Actions Mandated by MARPOL Actions Mandated by MARPOL Inspect foreign ships visiting Saudi Arabian ports to ensure that they meet international standards. Inspect foreign ships visiting Saudi Arabian ports to ensure that they meet international standards. Monitor Compliance. Monitor Compliance. Prohibit violations, make penalties. Prohibit violations, make penalties. Carry out surveys as per MARPOL requirements for all ocean going ships registered in Saudi Arabia. Carry out surveys as per MARPOL requirements for all ocean going ships registered in Saudi Arabia. Issue International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificates (IOPP) to surveyed ocean going ships. Issue International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificates (IOPP) to surveyed ocean going ships. Provide adequate Reception Facilities to ships visiting Saudi Arabian Ports. Provide adequate Reception Facilities to ships visiting Saudi Arabian Ports. Phase out single-hull tankers. Phase out single-hull tankers. Inspect foreign ships visiting Saudi Arabian ports to ensure that they meet international standards. Inspect foreign ships visiting Saudi Arabian ports to ensure that they meet international standards. Monitor Compliance. Monitor Compliance. Prohibit violations, make penalties. Prohibit violations, make penalties. Carry out surveys as per MARPOL requirements for all ocean going ships registered in Saudi Arabia. Carry out surveys as per MARPOL requirements for all ocean going ships registered in Saudi Arabia. Issue International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificates (IOPP) to surveyed ocean going ships. Issue International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificates (IOPP) to surveyed ocean going ships. Provide adequate Reception Facilities to ships visiting Saudi Arabian Ports. Provide adequate Reception Facilities to ships visiting Saudi Arabian Ports. Phase out single-hull tankers. Phase out single-hull tankers. MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION

15. Inspections Inspections Confirm possession of valid certificate on board. Confirm possession of valid certificate on board. Examine ship condition, only if there “clear grounds” for believing that ship does not correspond “substantially” with the certificate). Examine ship condition, only if there “clear grounds” for believing that ship does not correspond “substantially” with the certificate). If requested by another state (including a coastal state), if there is sufficient evidence that the ship discharged harmful substances in “any place.” If requested by another state (including a coastal state), if there is sufficient evidence that the ship discharged harmful substances in “any place.” Confirm possession of valid certificate on board. Confirm possession of valid certificate on board. Examine ship condition, only if there “clear grounds” for believing that ship does not correspond “substantially” with the certificate). Examine ship condition, only if there “clear grounds” for believing that ship does not correspond “substantially” with the certificate). If requested by another state (including a coastal state), if there is sufficient evidence that the ship discharged harmful substances in “any place.” If requested by another state (including a coastal state), if there is sufficient evidence that the ship discharged harmful substances in “any place.” MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION General Inspection Procedure General Inspection Procedure Checking of all Certificates required as per MARPOL Walk-through of the ship including deck, and have a visual check of the condition of all the equipment and machinery as well as hatch closing arrangement, air pipes and vent coatings. Walk-through of the ship including deck, and have a visual check of the condition of all the equipment and machinery as well as hatch closing arrangement, air pipes and vent coatings. Checking of all Certificates required as per MARPOL Walk-through of the ship including deck, and have a visual check of the condition of all the equipment and machinery as well as hatch closing arrangement, air pipes and vent coatings. Walk-through of the ship including deck, and have a visual check of the condition of all the equipment and machinery as well as hatch closing arrangement, air pipes and vent coatings.

16. Under the provisions of the Convention, Port State may: Detain a ship until deficiencies have been rectified Detain a ship until deficiencies have been rectified A vessel is detained when a deficiency is found which must be rectified before it sails. A vessel is detained when a deficiency is found which must be rectified before it sails. Permit a ship to sail with deficiencies subject to conditions Permit a ship to sail with deficiencies subject to conditions Detain a ship until deficiencies have been rectified Detain a ship until deficiencies have been rectified A vessel is detained when a deficiency is found which must be rectified before it sails. A vessel is detained when a deficiency is found which must be rectified before it sails. Permit a ship to sail with deficiencies subject to conditions Permit a ship to sail with deficiencies subject to conditions MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION Assess appropriate penalties for the contravention of Convention requirements, such as: immediate flag State detention of the vessel. immediate flag State detention of the vessel. withdrawal of the vessel’s Certificate of Registry. withdrawal of the vessel’s Certificate of Registry. fine fine suspension or revocation of ship’s officers’ Certificates of Competency. suspension or revocation of ship’s officers’ Certificates of Competency. immediate flag State detention of the vessel. immediate flag State detention of the vessel. withdrawal of the vessel’s Certificate of Registry. withdrawal of the vessel’s Certificate of Registry. fine fine suspension or revocation of ship’s officers’ Certificates of Competency. suspension or revocation of ship’s officers’ Certificates of Competency. Penalties Penalties Possible Actions Possible Actions

17. Surveys Surveys Ships in international voyages shall be subject to surveys by officers of the Ministry of Transport to ensure that equipment, fittings, arrangements, and materials fully comply with the applicable requirements of MARPOL Regulation. Ships in international voyages shall be subject to surveys by officers of the Ministry of Transport to ensure that equipment, fittings, arrangements, and materials fully comply with the applicable requirements of MARPOL Regulation. MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP Certificate) International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP Certificate) Oil Tankers ≥ 150 GRT Oil Tankers ≥ 150 GRT Ships ≥ 400 GRT Ships ≥ 400 GRT Oil Tankers ≥ 150 GRT Oil Tankers ≥ 150 GRT Ships ≥ 400 GRT Ships ≥ 400 GRT by the Minister of Transport after survey of the ocean going ship for a period not exceeding 5 years as evidence of their compliance with the pollution prevention equipment and survey requirements of MARPOL Annex I. The IOPP Certificate shall be issued to: The IOPP Certificate shall be issued to:

18. No. All Ships Reference 1 International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate Regulation 5 2 Oil Record Book Regulation 20 3 Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan Regulation 26 4 Record of oil discharge monitoring and control system for the last ballast voyage Regulation 15(3)(a) 5 Dedicated Clean Ballast Tank Operation Manual Regulation 13A Certificates and Documents required on board Ocean Going Ships MARPOL REQUIREMENTS MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

19. No. All Ships Reference 6 Crude Oil Washing Operation and Equipment Manual (COW Manual) Regulation 13B 7 Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) Statement of Compliance, CAS Final Report and Review Record Regulation 13G; 8 Hydrostatically Balanced Loading (HBL) Operational Manual Regulation 13G 9 Oil Discharge Monitoring and Control (ODMC) Operational Manual Regulation 15(3)(c) 10 Subdivision and stability information Regulation 25 Certificates and Documents required on board Ocean Going Ships… (cont.) MARPOL REQUIREMENTS MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

20. Major Requirements on board Ocean-going Oil Tankers and Ships Equipment/Certificates OIL TANKERS SHIPS ≥ 150 GRT ≥ 400 GRT < 400 GRT Oil Filtering Equipment YesYesNo Standard discharge connection YesYesNo Holding Tank YesYesYes Oil Record Book YesYesNo Marine Oil Contingency Plan YesYesNo International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate YesYesNo MARPOL REQUIREMENTS MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

21. Reception Facilities Reception Facilities All oil loading terminals, repair ports, or other ports that service oceangoing Ships ≥ 400 GRT and oceangoing Oil Tankers ≥ 150 GRT shall be provided with the following facilities: reception and treatment of all dirty ballast and tank washing water from oil tankers. reception and treatment of all dirty ballast and tank washing water from oil tankers. sufficient capacity to receive the residues/mixtures and the needs of ships using them without causing undue delay to the ships involved. sufficient capacity to receive the residues/mixtures and the needs of ships using them without causing undue delay to the ships involved. shall be equipped with oil transfer hose adapters designed to allow connection with the standard flange specified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). shall be equipped with oil transfer hose adapters designed to allow connection with the standard flange specified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). reception and treatment of all dirty ballast and tank washing water from oil tankers. reception and treatment of all dirty ballast and tank washing water from oil tankers. sufficient capacity to receive the residues/mixtures and the needs of ships using them without causing undue delay to the ships involved. sufficient capacity to receive the residues/mixtures and the needs of ships using them without causing undue delay to the ships involved. shall be equipped with oil transfer hose adapters designed to allow connection with the standard flange specified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). shall be equipped with oil transfer hose adapters designed to allow connection with the standard flange specified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). MARPOL REQUIREMENTS MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

22. Oily waste reception facilities shall be available at: (a) all ports and terminals in which crude oil is loaded into oil tankers where such tankers have immediately prior to arrival completed a ballast voyage of not more than 72 hr or not more than 1,200 nautical miles. (b) all ports and terminals in which oil other than crude oil in bulk is loaded at an average quantity of more than 1,000 MT per day. (c) all ports having ship repair yards or tank cleaning facilities; (d) all ports and terminals which handle ships provided with the sludge tank(s) required by Regulation 17 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78. (e) all ports in respect of oily bilge waters and other residues, which cannot be discharged in accordance with Regulation 9 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78; and (f) all loading ports for bulk cargoes in respect of oil residues from combination carriers which cannot be discharged in accordance with Regulation 9 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78. (a) all ports and terminals in which crude oil is loaded into oil tankers where such tankers have immediately prior to arrival completed a ballast voyage of not more than 72 hr or not more than 1,200 nautical miles. (b) all ports and terminals in which oil other than crude oil in bulk is loaded at an average quantity of more than 1,000 MT per day. (c) all ports having ship repair yards or tank cleaning facilities; (d) all ports and terminals which handle ships provided with the sludge tank(s) required by Regulation 17 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78. (e) all ports in respect of oily bilge waters and other residues, which cannot be discharged in accordance with Regulation 9 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78; and (f) all loading ports for bulk cargoes in respect of oil residues from combination carriers which cannot be discharged in accordance with Regulation 9 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78. MARPOL REQUIREMENTS MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

23. ANNEXANNEXANNEXANNEX Category of Waste Reception Facilities required? Types of waste for reception IOilYES Covers all types of wastes from the carriage of oil: as fuel, engine room slops, cargo (tank washings) or dirty ballast water. II Noxious liquid substances in bulk YES Chemical wastes derived from bulk chemical transportation, including residues and mixtures containing noxious substances. III Harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form NO― IV Sewage from ships YES Raw sewage – retained in holding tanks for disposal in port or outside 12nm; Partially treated sewage – retained in holding tanks for disposal in port or outside 4nm. V Garbage from ships YES Garbage includes domestic (food and packaging) and operational (maintenance, cargo and miscellaneous) wastes. VI Air pollution from ships NO― MARPOL REQUIREMENTS MARPOL REQUIREMENTS

24. OIL TANKERS Based on Gross Registered Tonnage 1 Oil Tankers < 150 tons GRT 2 Oil Tankers ≥ 150 tons GRT SHIPS Based on tonnage Based on travel 1 Ships < 400 GRT Ocean going Ships 2 Ships ≥ 400 GRT but < 10,000 GRT Domestic Ships 3 Ships > 10,000 GRT Gross tonnage (GRT) is a measure of the internal capacity or volume of a ship, tug, or barge. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as living quarters. Gross tonnage (GRT) is a measure of the internal capacity or volume of a ship, tug, or barge. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as living quarters. MARPOL 73/78: Vessel Categories MARPOL 73/78: Vessel Categories

25. MARPOL PHASE-OUT REQUIREMENTS Phase Out of Single-Hull Tankers Phase Out of Single-Hull Tankers

26. MARPOL 73/78 REQUIREMENTS MARPOL 73/78 REQUIREMENTS There is no statutory requirement for ships below 5,000 tonnes dead-weight to have double hulls. Small Vessels

27. Category of Oil Tanker Date or Year Category 1: Oil tankers (Pre-MARPOL tankers without protectively located segregated ballast tanks) 20,000 tons deadweight and above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil as cargo, and 20,000 tons deadweight and above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil as cargo, and 30,000 tons deadweight and above carrying other oils 30,000 tons deadweight and above carrying other oils 5 April 2005 for ships delivered on 5 April 1982 or earlier Anniversary date in 2005 for ships delivered after 5 April 1982 PHASE OUT SCHEDULES PHASE OUT SCHEDULES

28. Category of oil tanker Date or year Category 2: Oil tankers (MARPOL tankers with protectively located segregated ballast tanks) 20,000 tons deadweight and above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil as cargo, and 20,000 tons deadweight and above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil as cargo, and 30,000 tons deadweight and above carrying other oils 30,000 tons deadweight and above carrying other oils 5 April 2005 for ships delivered on 5 April 1977 or earlier Anniversary date in 2005 for ships delivered after 5 April 1977 but before 1 January 1978 Anniversary date in 2006 for ships delivered in 1978 and 1979 Anniversary date in 2007 for ships delivered in 1980 and 1981 Anniversary date in 2008 for ships delivered in 1982 Anniversary date in 2009 for ships delivered in 1983 Anniversary date in 2010 for ships delivered in 1984 or later

29. Category of oil tanker Date or year Category 3: Oil tankers 5,000 tons deadweight and above but less than the tonnage specified for Category 1 and 2 tankers 5 April 2005 for ships delivered on 5 April 1977 or earlier Anniversary date in 2005 for ships delivered after 5 April 1977 but before 1 January 1978 Anniversary date in 2006 for ships delivered in 1978 and 1979 Anniversary date in 2007 for ships delivered in 1980 and 1981 Anniversary date in 2008 for ships delivered in 1982 Anniversary date in 2009 for ships delivered in 1983 Anniversary date in 2010 for ships delivered in 1984 or later

31. Phase out schedule for ocean going single-hull ships registered in Saudi Arabia No.IMO Year of Build Gross Tonnage Dead Weight Category Phase-out Year (Anniversary Date) 182037991982640010895C32008 28203804198241597026C32008 3782682919815076488726 NO DATA 481143381982696012010C32008 57920716198052538647C32007 68214853198236096187C32008 782200841983908816266C32009 88223029198339876718C32009 991233621982954416187 1092470772003640010895C3 NO PHASE OUT 11920393019992898145000C2 12920392819992898144954C2 1373851241983 NO DATA 1477083021981 1596396261983

32. Small Vessels: <5000 ton deadweight Small Vessels: <5000 ton deadweight There is no statutory requirement for ships below 5,000 tons deadweight to have double hulls. No.IMO Year of Build Gross Tonnage Dead Weight 17810442197829774991 276529171969427.74800 36524917196519323180 47011149196916823125 56918302196923503463 67313640197333354999 77903299197922984419 87621073197610062100 97229253197221953408 108406456198331754999 116925006196910101324

33. Can any single hull tankers operate beyond the dates set? Can any single hull tankers operate beyond the dates set? The revised regulation 13G of MARPOL allows the Administration (flag State) to permit continued operation of Category 2 or 3 tankers beyond its phase-out date in accordance with the schedule subject to satisfactory results from the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). The revised regulation 13G of MARPOL allows the Administration (flag State) to permit continued operation of Category 2 or 3 tankers beyond its phase-out date in accordance with the schedule subject to satisfactory results from the Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS). Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS) is an additional reinforced inspection scheme specifically developed to detect structural weaknesses of single hull oil tankers. Category 2 and 3 tankers with an age over 15 years to be allowed to continue beyond 2005 subject to CAS, but the continued operation must not go beyond the anniversary of the date of delivery of the ship in 2015 or the date on which the ship reaches 25 years of age after the date of its delivery, whichever is earlier. Category 2 and 3 tankers with an age over 15 years to be allowed to continue beyond 2005 subject to CAS, but the continued operation must not go beyond the anniversary of the date of delivery of the ship in 2015 or the date on which the ship reaches 25 years of age after the date of its delivery, whichever is earlier. SINGLE HULL PHASE OUT: EXTENSION SINGLE HULL PHASE OUT: EXTENSION

34. STATES REGULATION TERMS STATES REGULATION TERMS Flag State Flag State Nation where a vessel is registered. Nation where a vessel is registered. Vessel is essentially granted nationality Vessel is essentially granted nationality Nation where a vessel is registered. Nation where a vessel is registered. Vessel is essentially granted nationality Vessel is essentially granted nationality Obligations and Responsibilities: Regular Inspection of its own ships Regular Inspection of its own ships Issuing of IOPP Certificates to its own ships Issuing of IOPP Certificates to its own ships Safety regulation Safety regulation Regulation of ship manning and crew competence Regulation of ship manning and crew competence Setting the standards for ship construction, design, equipment, and seaworthiness Setting the standards for ship construction, design, equipment, and seaworthiness Obligations and Responsibilities: Regular Inspection of its own ships Regular Inspection of its own ships Issuing of IOPP Certificates to its own ships Issuing of IOPP Certificates to its own ships Safety regulation Safety regulation Regulation of ship manning and crew competence Regulation of ship manning and crew competence Setting the standards for ship construction, design, equipment, and seaworthiness Setting the standards for ship construction, design, equipment, and seaworthiness

35. Most flag states are authorising classification societies to carry out inspections and issue certificates on their behalf on their fleet operating internationally Most flag states are authorising classification societies to carry out inspections and issue certificates on their behalf on their fleet operating internationally This is called Statutory Certification This is called Statutory Certification Flag states authorise Classification Societies recognised by them Flag states authorise Classification Societies recognised by them IMO has issued a Resolution with guidelines for such recognition IMO has issued a Resolution with guidelines for such recognition Most flag states are authorising classification societies to carry out inspections and issue certificates on their behalf on their fleet operating internationally Most flag states are authorising classification societies to carry out inspections and issue certificates on their behalf on their fleet operating internationally This is called Statutory Certification This is called Statutory Certification Flag states authorise Classification Societies recognised by them Flag states authorise Classification Societies recognised by them IMO has issued a Resolution with guidelines for such recognition IMO has issued a Resolution with guidelines for such recognition STATES REGULATION TERMS STATES REGULATION TERMS Flag States and Classification Flag States and Classification

36. Port State Port State Nation where a vessel intends to dock Nation where a vessel intends to dock STATES REGULATION TERMS STATES REGULATION TERMS In case of serious deficiencies, ships may be detained until rectification has been carried out Obligations and Responsibilities: Boarding of ships and checking the status of certification Boarding of ships and checking the status of certification Physical inspection to verify that ships are complying with international conventions Physical inspection to verify that ships are complying with international conventions Ensuring that adequate shore reception facilities are provided for the disposal of sludge, oily bilge water, and other residues, with specific requirements for ports and terminals where crude oil and other oils than crude are loaded. Ensuring that adequate shore reception facilities are provided for the disposal of sludge, oily bilge water, and other residues, with specific requirements for ports and terminals where crude oil and other oils than crude are loaded. Obligations and Responsibilities: Boarding of ships and checking the status of certification Boarding of ships and checking the status of certification Physical inspection to verify that ships are complying with international conventions Physical inspection to verify that ships are complying with international conventions Ensuring that adequate shore reception facilities are provided for the disposal of sludge, oily bilge water, and other residues, with specific requirements for ports and terminals where crude oil and other oils than crude are loaded. Ensuring that adequate shore reception facilities are provided for the disposal of sludge, oily bilge water, and other residues, with specific requirements for ports and terminals where crude oil and other oils than crude are loaded.

37. Nation within which a vessel passes through a territorial sea or Exclusive Economic Zone Nation within which a vessel passes through a territorial sea or Exclusive Economic Zone Coastal State Coastal State STATES REGULATION TERMS STATES REGULATION TERMS Responsibilities and Environmental Rights in the Territorial Sea: Enforcement of environmental protective rules decided by IMO Enforcement of environmental protective rules decided by IMO Prohibition of pollution discharges Prohibition of pollution discharges Forcing foreign ships out of territorial sea in case of willful and serious pollution Forcing foreign ships out of territorial sea in case of willful and serious pollution Designation of protected areas Designation of protected areas Designation of navigational routes Designation of navigational routes Responsibilities and Environmental Rights in the Territorial Sea: Enforcement of environmental protective rules decided by IMO Enforcement of environmental protective rules decided by IMO Prohibition of pollution discharges Prohibition of pollution discharges Forcing foreign ships out of territorial sea in case of willful and serious pollution Forcing foreign ships out of territorial sea in case of willful and serious pollution Designation of protected areas Designation of protected areas Designation of navigational routes Designation of navigational routes

38. FLAG STATE Implement MARPOL regulations on own ships SHIPOWNERSHIPOWNER Ensure implemented standards being maintained THE MARPOL REGIME Summing Up COASTAL STATE Implement MARPOL regulations in territorial waters PORT STATE Implement MARPOL regulations on ships docking at ports

39. What will be regulated? Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from oil tankers and ships. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from oil tankers and ships. ANNEX I: OIL ANNEX I: OIL

40. Discharge Restrictions Discharge Restrictions AREA Oil Tankers Ships ≥400 GRT Ships <400 GRT Drilling Rigs and Other Platforms Antarctic Area NONONONO Within 50 miles from nearest land NONOMinimalNO Special Area (SA) NONOMinimalNO Outside SA and 50 miles away from nearest land MinimalMinimalMinimalMinimal ANNEX I: OIL ANNEX I: OIL Bases of restriction and regulated: the type of vessel (oil tanker or ship) the type of vessel (oil tanker or ship) gross tonnage gross tonnage route (while passing through special areas or a certain distance from the nearest land) route (while passing through special areas or a certain distance from the nearest land) the type of vessel (oil tanker or ship) the type of vessel (oil tanker or ship) gross tonnage gross tonnage route (while passing through special areas or a certain distance from the nearest land) route (while passing through special areas or a certain distance from the nearest land)

41. The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content is the rate of discharge of oil in liters per hour at any instant divided by the speed of the ship in knots at the same instant. The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content is the rate of discharge of oil in liters per hour at any instant divided by the speed of the ship in knots at the same instant. ANNEX I: OIL ANNEX I: OIL Minimum Discharge Minimum Discharge For Oil Tankers: The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content does not exceed 30 liters per nautical mile. The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content does not exceed 30 liters per nautical mile. The total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not exceed 1/15,000 (for old tankers) or 1/30,000 (for new tankers) of total quantity of cargo. The total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not exceed 1/15,000 (for old tankers) or 1/30,000 (for new tankers) of total quantity of cargo. The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content does not exceed 30 liters per nautical mile. The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content does not exceed 30 liters per nautical mile. The total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not exceed 1/15,000 (for old tankers) or 1/30,000 (for new tankers) of total quantity of cargo. The total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not exceed 1/15,000 (for old tankers) or 1/30,000 (for new tankers) of total quantity of cargo. For Ships: The oil content of effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 ppm. The oil content of effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 ppm.

42. NOT ALLOWABLE ZONE ALLOWABLE ZONE 55 1010 1515 20202525 00 150150 300300 450450 600600 750750 Oil Content of Discharge (liter/hr) Ship Speed (knots) Maximum Limit Not allowed, too slow! Faster, OK! OIL TANKERS: Discharge Limits OIL TANKERS: Discharge Limits If running slowly, then reduce oil content of discharge! If running slowly, then reduce oil content of discharge! If oil content is higher, then speed up! If oil content is higher, then speed up! RULES: RULES: 1 knot = 1 nm/hr Lower oil content, OK!

43. 00 100100 400400 600600 800800 Total Oil Discharged (MT) Oil Cargo (MT) OIL TANKERS: Discharge Limits OIL TANKERS: Discharge Limits 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 0.670.33 10 4 6.673.33 10 5 66.733.3 10 6 666.7333.3 10 7 0.070.03 10 3 DATA POINTS NOT ALLOWABLE ZONE (Area above each curve) OLD Tankers NEW Tankers

44. ANNEX I: OIL ANNEX I: OIL Discharge Exceptions Discharge Exceptions The bilge water does not originate from cargo pump-room bilges. The bilge water does not originate from cargo pump-room bilges. The bilge water is not mixed with cargo oil residues. The bilge water is not mixed with cargo oil residues. The ship is proceeding en route. The ship is proceeding en route. The oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million. The oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million. The ship has in operation oil filtering equipment. The ship has in operation oil filtering equipment. The bilge water does not originate from cargo pump-room bilges. The bilge water does not originate from cargo pump-room bilges. The bilge water is not mixed with cargo oil residues. The bilge water is not mixed with cargo oil residues. The ship is proceeding en route. The ship is proceeding en route. The oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million. The oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million. The ship has in operation oil filtering equipment. The ship has in operation oil filtering equipment. Inside Special Areas (Red Sea, Arabian Gulf): Discharge of clean or segregated ballast or processed bilge water from machinery spaces only if:

45. ANNEX I: OIL ANNEX I: OIL Discharge Exceptions Discharge Exceptions Outside Special Areas on an international voyage: Discharge of clean or segregated ballast or unprocessed oily mixtures which without dilution have an oil content not exceeding 15 ppm and which do not originate from cargo pump- room bilges and are not mixed with cargo oil residues. Discharge of clean or segregated ballast or unprocessed oily mixtures which without dilution have an oil content not exceeding 15 ppm and which do not originate from cargo pump- room bilges and are not mixed with cargo oil residues. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture resulting from damage to a ship or its equipment. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture resulting from damage to a ship or its equipment. Discharge of substances containing oil used for the purpose of combating pollution incidents to minimize the damage from pollution. Discharge of substances containing oil used for the purpose of combating pollution incidents to minimize the damage from pollution. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture resulting from damage to a ship or its equipment. Discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture resulting from damage to a ship or its equipment. Discharge of substances containing oil used for the purpose of combating pollution incidents to minimize the damage from pollution. Discharge of substances containing oil used for the purpose of combating pollution incidents to minimize the damage from pollution. In case of emergency or accident

46. Category Hazard to marine resources or human health Harm to amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea A Major hazard Serious harm BHazardHarm C Minor hazard Minor harm D Recognizable hazard Minimal harm ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES Four Categories of Noxious Substances Four Categories of Noxious Substances Discharge regulations in all areas Discharge regulations in all areas For Categories A, B, and C ship is proceeding en route ship is proceeding en route minimum speed 7 knots (self-propelled) or 4 knots (not self-propelled) minimum speed 7 knots (self-propelled) or 4 knots (not self-propelled) at least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land at least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land discharge below the waterline discharge below the waterline minimum water depth 25 meters minimum water depth 25 meters Less Harmful

47. Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES Outside special areas Within special areas A Maximum concentration of tank washings 0.1% by weight Maximum concentration of tank washings 0.1% by weight Maximum concentration of tank washings 0.05% by weight Maximum concentration of tank washings 0.05% by weight B per tank max. 1 m 3 or 1/3,000 of the tank capacity in m 3 per tank max. 1 m 3 or 1/3,000 of the tank capacity in m 3 concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 1 ppm concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 1 ppm the tank has been pre-cleaned, and the washings have been discharge to a reception facility the tank has been pre-cleaned, and the washings have been discharge to a reception facility concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 1 ppm concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 1 ppm C per tank max. 3 m 3 or 1/1,000 of the tank capacity in m 3 per tank max. 3 m 3 or 1/1,000 of the tank capacity in m 3 concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 10 ppm concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 10 ppm per tank max. 1 m 3 or 1/3,000 of the tank capacity in m 3 per tank max. 1 m 3 or 1/3,000 of the tank capacity in m 3 concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 1 ppm concentration of the substance in the wake astern of the ship max. 1 ppm

48. D In All Areas (inside or outside Special Areas) ship is proceeding en route ship is proceeding en route minimum speed 7 or 4 knots minimum speed 7 or 4 knots at least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land at least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land max. one part of the substance in ten parts of water max. one part of the substance in ten parts of water Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas… (cont.) Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas… (cont.) ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES ANNEX II: NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES Chemical tankers shall have an International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk Chemical tankers shall have an International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk However, ships that have an International Certificate of Fitness for Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk as per IBC Code, do not need such a certificate as they are deemed to comply under the IBC Code However, ships that have an International Certificate of Fitness for Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk as per IBC Code, do not need such a certificate as they are deemed to comply under the IBC Code Chemical tankers shall also have a Procedures and Arrangements (P&A) Manual and a Cargo Record Book Chemical tankers shall also have a Procedures and Arrangements (P&A) Manual and a Cargo Record Book Chemical tankers shall have an International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk Chemical tankers shall have an International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk However, ships that have an International Certificate of Fitness for Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk as per IBC Code, do not need such a certificate as they are deemed to comply under the IBC Code However, ships that have an International Certificate of Fitness for Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk as per IBC Code, do not need such a certificate as they are deemed to comply under the IBC Code Chemical tankers shall also have a Procedures and Arrangements (P&A) Manual and a Cargo Record Book Chemical tankers shall also have a Procedures and Arrangements (P&A) Manual and a Cargo Record Book

49. ANNEX III: HARMFUL SUBSTANCES ANNEX III: HARMFUL SUBSTANCES Harmful Substances carried in Packaged Form Harmful Substances carried in Packaged Form Applies to all ships Applies to all ships A ship is subject to inspection where there are clear grounds for believing that the master or the crew are not familiar with essential shipboard procedures relating to the prevention of pollution by noxious liquid substances. Steps should be taken to ensure that the ship shall not sail until the situation has been brought to order. A ship is subject to inspection where there are clear grounds for believing that the master or the crew are not familiar with essential shipboard procedures relating to the prevention of pollution by noxious liquid substances. Steps should be taken to ensure that the ship shall not sail until the situation has been brought to order. bio-accumulated to a significant extent and known to produce a hazard to aquatic life or to human health ; bio-accumulated to a significant extent and known to produce a hazard to aquatic life or to human health ; bio-accumulated with attendant risk to aquatic organisms or to human health with a short retention of the order of one week or less; bio-accumulated with attendant risk to aquatic organisms or to human health with a short retention of the order of one week or less; liable to produce tainting of seafood; liable to produce tainting of seafood; highly toxic to aquatic life. highly toxic to aquatic life. bio-accumulated to a significant extent and known to produce a hazard to aquatic life or to human health ; bio-accumulated to a significant extent and known to produce a hazard to aquatic life or to human health ; bio-accumulated with attendant risk to aquatic organisms or to human health with a short retention of the order of one week or less; bio-accumulated with attendant risk to aquatic organisms or to human health with a short retention of the order of one week or less; liable to produce tainting of seafood; liable to produce tainting of seafood; highly toxic to aquatic life. highly toxic to aquatic life. Identification of Annex III Substances Identification of Annex III Substances

50. From Treatment Plants (TP) Comminuted and Disinfected Untreated TP has been approved by the Administration TP has been approved by the Administration No visible floating solids or discoloration of surrounding water No visible floating solids or discoloration of surrounding water TP has been approved by the Administration TP has been approved by the Administration At least 4 nautical miles from the nearest land At least 4 nautical miles from the nearest land Retained in holding tanks Retained in holding tanks At least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land At least 12 nautical miles from the nearest land Discharge rate approved by the Administration Discharge rate approved by the Administration Ship is proceeding en route minimum speed 4 knots Ship is proceeding en route minimum speed 4 knots ANNEX IV: SEWAGE ANNEX IV: SEWAGE applies to all ships ≥ 400 GRT carrying 14 persons or more applies to all ships ≥ 400 GRT carrying 14 persons or more

51. Cargo associated waste, spilt cargo and cargo waste are also to be considered as garbage if none of the other Annexes is applicable ANNEX V: GARBAGE ANNEX V: GARBAGE Garbage means all kinds of victual, domestic, and operational waste excluding fresh fish and parts thereof Garbage means all kinds of victual, domestic, and operational waste excluding fresh fish and parts thereof

52. Within Special Areas Outside Special Areas PlasticsOthergarbageFoodwastesPlastics Lining, and buoyant packing materials Food wastes and other garbage ProhibitedProhibited At least 12 nm from the nearest land Prohibited At least 25 nm from the nearest land At least 12 nm from the nearest land, but 3 nm if passed Through a comminuter/grinder ANNEX V: GARBAGE ANNEX V: GARBAGE Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas Discharge regulations with respect to Special Areas applies to all ships, including yachts, fishing vessels and offshore platforms applies to all ships, including yachts, fishing vessels and offshore platforms

53. Implementation in Saudi Arabia MARPOL 73/78

54. MARPOL 73/78 MARPOL 73/78 Requirements for Implementation Requirements for Implementation Recommended Phases of Implementation Recommended Phases of Implementation Phase 1: Determination of co-ordination mechanisms Phase 1: Determination of co-ordination mechanisms and organization of process. and organization of process. Phase 2: Establishment of inventory and assessment of Phase 2: Establishment of inventory and assessment of national infrastructure and capacity. national infrastructure and capacity. Phase 3: Setting of priorities and determination of Phase 3: Setting of priorities and determination of objectives. objectives. Phase 4: Formulation of a National Implementation Plan Phase 4: Formulation of a National Implementation Plan (NIP) and specific Action Plans. (NIP) and specific Action Plans. Phase 5: Endorsement of the NIP and Action Plans Phase 5: Endorsement of the NIP and Action Plans Phase 1: Determination of co-ordination mechanisms Phase 1: Determination of co-ordination mechanisms and organization of process. and organization of process. Phase 2: Establishment of inventory and assessment of Phase 2: Establishment of inventory and assessment of national infrastructure and capacity. national infrastructure and capacity. Phase 3: Setting of priorities and determination of Phase 3: Setting of priorities and determination of objectives. objectives. Phase 4: Formulation of a National Implementation Plan Phase 4: Formulation of a National Implementation Plan (NIP) and specific Action Plans. (NIP) and specific Action Plans. Phase 5: Endorsement of the NIP and Action Plans Phase 5: Endorsement of the NIP and Action Plans Develop and implement a national implementation plan. Develop and implement a national implementation plan. Report implemented measures and their effectiveness. Report implemented measures and their effectiveness. Exchange information. Exchange information. Promote public awareness and education Promote public awareness and education Develop and implement a national implementation plan. Develop and implement a national implementation plan. Report implemented measures and their effectiveness. Report implemented measures and their effectiveness. Exchange information. Exchange information. Promote public awareness and education Promote public awareness and education THIS PROCESS IS CALLED BOTTOM-UP APPROACH!

55. MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION Bottom-Up Approach Bottom-Up Approach National Legislation Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Top-Down Approach Top-Down Approach National Legislation 1 2 3 4 1 1 Draft a National Implementation Plan (NIP) and specific Action Plans (APs) 2 2 Min. of Transport submits NIP and APs for review to the stakeholders 3 3 Stakeholders approve or recommend a revision of the NIP and APs 4 4 NIP and APs are endorsed to the National Government for legislation Saudi Arabian Approach

56. MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION Development of a detailed inventory of ships and ports. Drafting of new legislation/regulation. Strengthening of compliance and enforcement of existing regulation. Strengthening of compliance and enforcement of existing regulation. Training and capacity building activities on various issues. Training and capacity building activities on various issues. Development of a national marine pollution management strategy. Development of a national marine pollution management strategy. Monitoring to ensure compliance and enforcement of regulations. Monitoring to ensure compliance and enforcement of regulations. Development of reception facilities at ports. Development of reception facilities at ports. Implementation of awareness-raising and education activities Implementation of awareness-raising and education activities Development of a detailed inventory of ships and ports. Drafting of new legislation/regulation. Strengthening of compliance and enforcement of existing regulation. Strengthening of compliance and enforcement of existing regulation. Training and capacity building activities on various issues. Training and capacity building activities on various issues. Development of a national marine pollution management strategy. Development of a national marine pollution management strategy. Monitoring to ensure compliance and enforcement of regulations. Monitoring to ensure compliance and enforcement of regulations. Development of reception facilities at ports. Development of reception facilities at ports. Implementation of awareness-raising and education activities Implementation of awareness-raising and education activities REQUIRED ACTIVITIES REQUIRED ACTIVITIES

57. Key Factors in NIP Formulation Key Factors in NIP Formulation MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION availability of data to inform decisions, political commitment, political commitment, meaningful participation of ship owners, meaningful participation of ship owners, access to resources: human, financial, and technical. access to resources: human, financial, and technical. availability of data to inform decisions, political commitment, political commitment, meaningful participation of ship owners, meaningful participation of ship owners, access to resources: human, financial, and technical. access to resources: human, financial, and technical. Important Consideration Important Consideration industry industry government agencies government agencies other stakeholders other stakeholders sharing of responsibilities for developing specific Action Plans amongst: sharing of responsibilities for developing specific Action Plans amongst:

58. MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION MARPOL IMPLEMENTATION Ministry of Transport (Focal Point) Ministry of Transport (Focal Point) Key Organizational Structure Key Organizational Structure PME (Marine Environment) PME Ports Authority (Port Activities) Ports Authority (Port Activities) Coast Guard (Enforcement) (Enforcement) Ship Owners (Compliance) (Compliance) Other Stakeholders (e.g. General Public, etc.) Other Stakeholders (e.g. General Public, etc.) Arrows and connectors are coordinating mechanisms!

59. Ministry of Transport Ministry of Transport national focal point for the MARPOL Convention national focal point for the MARPOL Convention main executing agency responsible for enabling activities leading to the development of a National Implementation Plan main executing agency responsible for enabling activities leading to the development of a National Implementation Plan Presidency of Meteorology and Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME) Environment (PME) Presidency of Meteorology and Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME) Environment (PME) principal body for planning and coordination of activities related to environmental protection and improvement principal body for planning and coordination of activities related to environmental protection and improvement concerned with environmental pollution problems and provides for preventive and ameliorative measures to check environmental degradation concerned with environmental pollution problems and provides for preventive and ameliorative measures to check environmental degradation MARPOL 73/78: TASKING MARPOL 73/78: TASKING Major tasks of the key players in implementation

60. Port Authority Port Authority installation of reception facilities installation of reception facilities inspection of ships requesting use of ports inspection of ships requesting use of ports Coast Guard Coast Guard enforcement and monitoring within territorial waters and the EEZ enforcement and monitoring within territorial waters and the EEZ make apprehensions for ships in violation of MARPOL make apprehensions for ships in violation of MARPOL MARPOL 73/78: TASKING… (cont.) MARPOL 73/78: TASKING… (cont.) Ship Owners Ship Owners ensure compliance of ships with MARPOL requirements, in coordination with the Ministry of Transport (survey) ensure compliance of ships with MARPOL requirements, in coordination with the Ministry of Transport (survey) monitor performance of own ships within and outside territorial waters monitor performance of own ships within and outside territorial waters

61. THANK YOU