2. Artifacts: Chan Chan, Tiwanaku, & Huaca de la Luna
Grade 8
C.Kemnitz

4. Geography
All of the sites are located in the Pacific coast in South America
Chan Chan
Tiwanaku
Huaca de la Luna
Located in the Peru, five km west of Trujillo
Located in Peru, 8 km South the modern city of Trujillo, near the mouth of the Moche River valley.
located near the southern shores of Lake Titicaca on the Altiplano, at an altitude of 3,850 m.

5. Geography South America
Trujillo
Huaca de la Luna
Chan Chan
Tiwanaku
-Moche
-Chimú
-Tiwanaku
South America
Highlighted areas- land controlled by each group
Dots- location of sites

6. Site: Huaca de la Luna Built by the Moche
Part of The Huacas de del Sol y de la Luna (Temple of the Sun and Moon)
located 8 km south the modern city of Trujillo, near the mouth of the Moche River valley, northern coast of Peru
Huaca de la Luna was occupied between about 500 and 800 AD, and its construction includes three large platform mounds with adjacent plazas
70 bodies were found buried around the base of the site
Adult males between the ages of 15 and 39; their bones exhibited evidence of unusually strong musculature and both old (healed) fractures and recent ones.
The exterior walls of the platforms are covered with the remnants of mural paintings and sculptured reliefs
70 bodies were found buried around the base of the site
Adult males between the ages of 15 and 39; their bones exhibited evidence of unusually strong musculature and both old (healed) fractures and recent ones.
The warriors had been killed either by having their throats slit or by skull fracture; several had been dismembered.
Fifty-two unfired portrait pots were found within the bone deposit, each portraying a captive individual. This deposit of bones and pots is considered strong evidence that the Warrior Narrative (and in particular the Sacrifice Ceremony, seen in mural paintings and fine line ceramic decorations, were not just legends but illustrated real ritual events in the life of the Moche.
The exterior walls of the platforms are covered with the remnants of mural paintings and sculptured reliefs
primarily of lines of warriors carrying shields and war clubs. Geometric designs decorate some of the walls in a checkerboard fashion, and a striking image of a two-headed serpent or a snarling stylized feline is rendered in several locations.

7. Site: Huaca de la Luna
"Huaca de la Luna"; "Ceremonial Plaza", South Side Of "North Facade" Area.

8. Moche Ceramic Style
Color-used slips, solid color/unpainted (black/green)
Commonly painted red/orange on white
Painted 3 vertical stripes
Patterns
Triangles
I\I\I\I\  or  I/I/I/I
Portrait sculptures
Common animals
Deer, Llamas, Felines

9. Ceramics Found at: Huaca de la Luna

10. Ceramics: Huaca de la Luna
ceramic, goyette stirrup bottle huaco portrait sculpture, stirrup spout bottle huaco sculptural portraits of turbaned with geometric designs and face

11. Ceramics: Huaca de la Luna
ceramic stirrup spout bottle anthropormorphic character with supernatural features

12. Ceramics: Huaca de la Luna
stirrup spout bottle sculpture depicting mountians

13. Ceramics: Huaca de la Luna
ceramic, stirrup spout bottle scupture depicting an owl

14. Huaca de la Luna-Artifacts
pitcher anthropomorphic sculture representing characher with supernatural features

15. Site: Chan Chan
Chan Chan was the capital of the Chimú kingdom (AD )
located on the north coast of Peru. Chan Chan's heyday was between AD 1200 and 1470, when it was conquered by the Inca
Chan Chan includes an area of 2.5 square miles
Included some 10 enclosed palace complexes, 35 intermediate or elite residential compounds, and thousands of small rooms.
Population-Unknown

16. Site: Chan Chan

17. Chimú Ceramic Style Color monochromatic (Black/polished) green
unpolished
Texture
Bumpy (“gooseflesh”)
Vessel shapes
Whistle bottle
“beehive” shape
Monkey figure hugging spouts
Patterns
Waves/water
Common themes
people/anthropomorphic creatures
Fruit
Animals
Fish, Llama, Birds, Monkeys
Double spouts

18. Ceramics Found at:
Chan Chan

19. Ceramics: Chan Chan
stiurrp spout bottle depicting furits monkeys on handle

20. Ceramics: Chan Chan
stirrup spout bottle sculptures representing animal fox and monkey
Monkey hugging handle (circled)

21. Ceramics: Chan Chan
double body handle bridge bottle

22. Ceramics: Chan Chan
ceramic stirrup spout bottle representing animal cat standing on the trunk, monkey hugging handle
Monkey hugging handle (circled)

23. Ceramics: Chan Chan
stirrup spout bottle sculpture depicting seated figure with headdress
Monkey hugging handle (circled)

24. Similarities: Moche & Chimú Ceramic Styles
Material- terra cotta
Sitting figure statues
Stirrup spout handles
Sculpted animals
Use of molds
Head vessels
Different
Moche- painted
Chimú- sculpted
Plate/bowl shape
Double handle
Feline figure
Moche had more feline figures
Headdresses
Moche more variety
Themes
War/battle
Picture: Stirrup Spout

25. Tiwanaku (Tiahuanco) The capital site of the Tiwanaku
Tiwanaku began as a small settlement around 1200 BCE
At its height it covered an area of about sq miles
Extensive monumental stone architecture
Distinctive iconographic styles in stone and ceramics
Akapana
The most imposing monument at Tiwanaku
Large terraced pyramid built out of stone
Gate of the Sun
one of the most important specimens of the art of Tiwanaku.
It was made from a single slab of andesite cut to form a large doorway with niches on either side.
Above the doorway is an elaborate bas-relief frieze depicting a central deity, standing on a stepped platform, wearing an elaborate head-dress, and holding a staff in each hand. T The ensemble has been interpreted as an agricultural calendar.
Gate of the Sun-the deity is flanked by rows of anthropomorphic birds and along the bottom of the panel there is a series of human faces.

26. Tiwanaku: Akapana http://peru.travelguia.net/piramide-de-akapana.html

27. Tiwanaku: Gate of the Sun

28. Tiwanaku Ceramic Style
a common vessel style- a kero
 motifs varied but there was also standardization in the usage of slips and colors,
Mainly decorated with geometric motifs and feline heads and stylized condor.
Used molds
Paint-fine lines
made with a common orange paste with a temper used to achieve durability during and after firing.
Depending on the color, vessels may have been painted before or after firing, and decorated with common motifs or design
Often vessels were only slipped prior to firing and then painted and decorated, allowing bright colors and intricate detailing
Tiwanauku corporate style changed throughout the culture’s different phases.

29. Tiwanaku: Ceramic Shapes

30. Ceramics Found at: Tiwanaku

31. Ceramics: Tiwanaku KERO-polychrome pottery kero complete vessel beaker
Peabody Museum

32. Ceramics: Tiwanaku
ceramic complete vessel beaker
Peabody Museum

33. Ceramics: Tiwanaku
ceramic bowl flat bottom flared sides black on red chipped ceramic complete vessel bowl
Peabody Museum

34. Ceramics: Tiwanaku cup ornamented round ceramic complete vessel jar
Peabody Museum

35. Ceramics: Tiwanaku
jar ornamented extra large ceramic
Peabody Museum