1. The History of American Education7
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McGraw-Hill

2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICA’S SCHOOLS
7.1
Charter Schools
(1991-Present)
Middle/High Schools
(1950s-Present)
Junior High Schools
(1909-Present)
High Schools
(1800s-Present)
Academies
(1700s-1800s)
English Grammar Schools
(1700s)
Latin Grammar Schools
(1600s-1700s)
Common Schools
(1830-Present)
Private Schools
(1700s-1800s)
Itinerant Schools
(1700s)
Tutors ( )
Local Schools (1600s-1800s)
Dame Schools (1600)

3. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES
7.2
Seventeenth Century Informal family education, apprenticeships, dame schools, tutors 1635 Boston Latin Grammar School 1636 Harvard College 1647 Old Deluder Satan Law New England Primer published Eighteenth Century Development of a national interest in education, state responsibility for education, growth in secondary education 1740 South Carolina denies education to blacks 1751 Opening of the Franklin Academy in Philadelphia 1783 Noah Webster’s American Spelling Book 1785, 1787 Land Ordinance Act, Northwest Ordinance
SOURCE: Joel Spring, American Education, 15th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011).

4. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES (Continued)
7.3
Nineteenth Century Increasing role of public secondary schools, increased but segregated education for women and minorities, attention to the field of education and teacher preparation 1821 Emma Willard’s Troy Female Seminary opens, first endowed secondary school for girls 1821 First public high school opens in Boston 1823 First (private) normal school opens in Vermont 1827 Massachusetts requires public high schools 1837 Horace Mann becomes secretary of board of education in Massachusetts 1839 First public normal school in Lexington, Massachusetts 1855 First kindergarten (German language) in United States 1862 Morrill Land Grant College Act 1874 Kalamazoo case (legalizes taxes for high schools) 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision supporting racially separate but equal schools
SOURCE: Joel Spring, American Education, 15th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011).

5. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES (Continued)
7.4
Twentieth Century Increasing federal support for educational rights of under-achieving students; increased federal funding of specific (categorical) education programs 1909 First junior high school in Berkeley, California 1919 Progressive education programs 1932 New Deal education programs 1944 G.I. Bill of Rights 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court decision outlawing racial segregation in schools 1957 Sputnik leads to increased federal education funds 1958 National Defense Education Act funds science, math, and foreign language programs Job Corps and Head Start are funded 1972 Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in schools
(Continued)
SOURCE: Joel Spring, American Education, 15th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011).

6. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES (Continued)
7.5
Twentieth Century (continued) Job Corps and Head Start are funded 1972 Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in schools 1975 Public Law , Education for All Handicapped Children Act (renamed Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act, 1991) is passed 1979 Cabinet-level Department of Education is established 1990-present Increased public school diversity and competition through charter schools, for-profit companies, open enrollment, and technological options. Promotion of educational goals, standards and testing. Twenty-First Century Increasing focus on standards, testing, and accountability 2001 Passage of No Child Left Behind Act 2011-present Federal government modifies NCLB, allowing states greater freedom in evaluating students and teachers
SOURCE: Joel Spring, American Education, 15th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011).

7. DIVERSITY AND EDUCATION
7.6
Student-Generated Responses
Group
Key Points
African Americans
Arab Americans
Asian/Pacific Americans
European Americans
Hispanics
Native Americans
Women and Girls
Other(s)

8. THE GROWTH OF THE U.S. HIGH SCHOOL
7.7
Year
14 to 17 Year-Olds in School (Percentage of Total)
1890
6.7
1910
15.4
1930
51.4
1950
76.8
1970
92.7
1980
91.0
1990
94.0
2000
95.7
2010
95.9
Source: Projections of Education Statistics to 2010, U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.

9. JOHN DEWEY QUOTATION
7.8
To “learn from experience” is to make a backward and forward connection between what we do to things and what we enjoy or suffer from things in consequence.
Source: Some Favorite Quotes from John Dewey,

10. SELECTED FEDERAL LEGISLATION
7.9
1785, 1787
Land Ordinance and Northwest Ordinance
1862, 1890
Morrill Land Grant College Acts
1917
Smith-Hughes Act
1944
Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (G.I. Bill of Rights)
1958
National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
Project Head Start
1965
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
1968
Bilingual Education Act
1972
Title IX of the Education Amendments
1975, 1991, 1997, 2004
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
2001
No Child Left Behind Act

11. U.S. HISPANIC SUBGROUPS 7.10 Figure 7.1
SOURCE: Hispanic Americans by the Numbers, U.S. Census Bureau, 2011.
Figure 7.1

12. ARAB AMERICANS BY ANCESTRY
7.11
SOURCE: Arab American Institute, “Demographics” 2011,
Figure 7.2