1. Winter Survival Techniques
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2. Targeted Learning Objectives
The student:
Will understand and demonstrate the roles of positive attitude and planning as keys to survival.
Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to make a shelter.
Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to start a fire.
Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to collect and boil water for drinking and cooking.
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3. S it T hink O rganize P lan When Reality Sets IN WE don’t plan to fail
But WE do fail to plan!
S it
T hink
O rganize
P lan
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4. Equipment Your Body: The Most Important Item! Only so much energy
Stay or get physically fit
Manage your sweat
Treat blisters/injuries IMMEDIATELY
Maintain personal hygiene
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5. Equipment Review Get QUALITY equipment Test it and maintain it
Everything should have more than 1 use.
A lighter load saves energy and improves overall performance
Use lithium batteries. Select gear that all uses the same or at most two battery sizes.
Practice using it.
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6. 3 Levels of Defense/Survival
What are the 3 Levels of
Defense/Survival?
Any Ideas?
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7. 3 Levels of Defense/Survival
Level One:What is attached to your body
Fire starting
Light
Cord
Signal, if you can’t whistle
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8. 3 Levels of Defense/Survival
Level Two
What is in your duty belt or in your pockets
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9. 3 Levels of Defense/Survival
Level Three
What is in your pack
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10. Shelters A good shelter Provides the most protection
For the least amount of energy expended
Is the smallest size to meet needs
And should be the first priority.
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11. Shelter Types Emergency: immediate, short term protection.
Less than 10 minutes to build
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12. Shelter Types: Natural
BUT avoid caves during thunderstorms!
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13. Shelter Types: Natural
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14. Shelter Types: Tarps
Biggest mistake is to make it too big and too open.
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15. Tarp or poncho alone Lower back end into the wind.
Must be taut to keep from flapping and to hold snow.
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16. Tarp tent
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17. How to set up tarp Video on line
Click on text link for Internet version, on picture if you have the video file. The next 3 slides are all taken from YouTube
Click anywhere outside the picture to advance to the next slide.
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18. Snow shelters Can be combined with tarps or other roof types.
Pitch a tarp tent but dig down for more room.
The more you dig, the wetter you get.
Expends more energy to build
Very warm and good for longer stays.
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21. Snow cave
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22. Quinzee
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23. Fire Starters
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24. Show Fire Building DVD
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25. Water You can go weeks without food but only 3 days without water
Even minor dehydration
Makes you more susceptible to hypothermia and frostbite.
Clouds rational thought
Compromises performance
Urine should run clear: you shouldn’t be able to make yellow snow!
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26. Water
You need at least 3 to 6 quarts per day, depending on activity level
Water uptake is in the small intestine.
You must drink at least 1 cup (6 to 8 gulps) of water to get the stomach to empty into the small intestine. Any less just sits in the stomach.
Your body can process only 1 cup of water every 20 to 30 minutes.
Teams should regularly plan a stop at least every 1 to 1½ hours to hydrate, adjust clothing and to eat.
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27. Water Purification
Most problems blamed on bad water came from your dirty hands.
Wash hands or use sanitizer.
Biggest issues are Giardia and Cryptosporidium
Parasites; 10 day incubation.
Properly treat all water, if possible.
Boiling (best)
UV lights – reliable but need batteries
Filters – check often
Chlorine Dioxide – NOT iodine
If you cannot treat it, drink anyway. Dehydration more dangerous than bugs.
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28. Water Sources What you carry Nearby streams Lakes are cleaner.
UV from sun purifies upper 2”inch layer on ponds and lakes.
Melting snow
Need a container to melt snow and/or boil water.
Simple can with wire bail.
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29. Water Containers
At least one with a wide mouth that can hold boiling water.
Water bladders freeze easily and need regular cleaning.
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30. Questions?
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31. Field Practice
Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to make a shelter.
Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to start a fire.
Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to collect and boil water for drinking and cooking.
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