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Describing Matter Section 2 Chapter 1
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Physical Properties =Properties of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the original matter Thermal Conductivity (heat transfer) State (solid, liquid, gas, plasma) Malleability (to flatten with a hammer) Ductility (ability to be pulled into a wire) Solubility (to dissolve into another substance) Density (amount of matter in a space, g/cm3)
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Physical Change examples heating up a cup in the microwave Freezing water, boiling water, melting ice Flattening paper pulp or aluminum Pulling copper into a wire putting sugar into tea – yummy g/mL or g/cm3, size of piece does not matter
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Density The amount of matter in a given space or volume (D) density (V) volume (m) mass
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Density of Some Common Substances Substancedensity (g/cm3) wood (oak)0.85 aluminum2.7 silver10.5 steel7.8 silver10.5 lead13.5 Iron pyrite (solid)5.02 water1.00 copper8.96 gold19.3
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Chemical Properties Describe a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance
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Chemical Change = when 1 or more substances are changed into an entirely new substance with different properties.
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Chemical Properties: Flammability Solubility Reactivity to Acid or Base, Water, Oxygen
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Signs that a chemical reaction has occurred Bubbles/fizz gas formation Change of color Change of temperature Change of smell Production of sound or light
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Physical Changes Chemical Changes Aluminum foil is cut in half.Milk goes sour. Clay is molded into a new shape.Jewelry tarnishes. Butter softens on warm toast. Bread becomes toast. Butter melts. Water evaporates from the surface of the ocean. Rust forms on a nail left outside. A juice box in the freezer freezes.Gasoline is ignited. Rubbing alcohol evaporates on your hand.Hydrogen peroxide bubbles in a cut. Food scraps are turned into compost in a compost pile. A match is lit. You take an antacid to settle your stomach. Your body digests food. You fry an egg. Physical vs. Chemical
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Can Chemical Changes be Undone? Sometimes. Chemical changes can seldomly be reversed. Chemical changes may sometimes be reversed with other chemical changes.
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Review Complete Review Questions for homework http://www.all-science-fair- projects.com/category39.html http://www.all-science-fair- projects.com/category39.html http://www.selah.k12.wa.us/SOAR/SciProj20 00/JenniferM.html http://www.selah.k12.wa.us/SOAR/SciProj20 00/JenniferM.html Above are sites for experiment ideas and formate.
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