1. Chapter 12 Writing and Reading This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: –any public performance or display including transmission of any image over a network; –preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; –any rental, lease, or lending of the program. © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Chapter 12 Anticipation Guide

3. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Roots of Writing Evolves from Pre-Speech Gestures Determine Where Students Are on Continuum –Stages fluctuate –Stages may overlap

4. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Figure 12.1: Developmental Stages/ Scoring Guidelines From Georgia Department of Education, Developmental Stages/Scoring Guidelines for Writing, Atlanta, GA: 2000.

5. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Guided Writing Identify a strategy worth teaching Introduce the strategy Help students try the strategy Help students work toward independent mastery

6. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Process Approach to Writing Prewriting –Topic selection –Planning –Rehearsing Drafting (or Composing) –Emphasize creating, not mechanics or spelling –Requires perseverance –Focus on audience

7. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Process Approach to Writing Revising –Model process –Aesthetics, formation, revisions –Tools for revision Editing: spelling, conventions –Model process –Editing tools Questions Snapshots Thoughtshots Exploding a Moment Building a Scene –Peer editing

8. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Figure 12.2: A Sample Revision Checklist

9. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Process Approach to Writing Publishing –Focus on means of communication Conferences –Questions: opening, following, process –Types: teacher-individual, teacher-group, peer, author’s circle

10. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Figure 12.5: Writing Conference Summary Adapted from Writing Workshop Survival Kit by G. R. Muschla, 1993, West Nyack, NY: The Center for Applied Research in Education.

11. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Writing Workshop Minilesson Guided Writing/ Strategic Writing –Writing strategies Expository Narrative Writing Time –Focus of writing workshop Group Sharing Management of Writing Workshop

12. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Quickwrites Brief drafts in response to short literature selections or other topics Effective with struggling writers Can later be extended

13. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Teaching a Writing Strategy Explanation of strategy Demonstration of strategy Guided practice Application Extension Assessment & Review

14. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Interpersonal Writing Dialogue or Conversation Form –Dialogue journals –Letters, notes, e-mail Provides Practice in Reading and Writing Privacy, Sensitivity Concerns

15. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Improving Expository Writing Read expository text –Teach expository structures Cognitive strategy instruction –Improves expository writing –Procedures Instruction in text structures Think sheets

16. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Figure 12.7: Planning Think Sheet Adapted from Cognitive Strategy Instruction in Writing Project by C. S. Englert, T. E. Raphael, & L. M. Anderson, 1989, East Lansing, MI: Institute for Research on Teaching.

17. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Guiding the Writing of Reports Difficulties in Analyzing & Classifying Information Types of Report Writing –Accumulating information –Transferring information –Transforming information Making Resources Available Sharpening the Focus Closing the Gap

18. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Helping ELLs with Writing Begin writing early Academic Language –Mastering language, form –Expand reading –Teach organization, sentence structure, vocabulary, academic language –English linear style - might be different from style English learners are familiar with

19. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Figure 12.10: A Writing Guide

20. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Assessing and Improving Writing Identify Key Traits –Content primary element –Engage students in identifying key traits Rubrics Create student portfolios

21. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Technology and Writing Desktop publishing –Teach features Computer-assisted presentations E-mail--Emphasize courtesy, safety concerns

22. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Reading Helps Writing Model of form & formats Source of ideas Reading like a writer

23. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Full Menu Academic Business/economic Civic/personal development letters Everyday/practical Social General communication Newspaper Creative Personal Writing to learn

24. Copyright  Pearson Allyn & Bacon 2010 Tools for the Classroom Provide writing opportunities Word-processing programs benefit struggling learners Scaffolded learning important Review essential standards Use formal assessments & observation