12. Mitotic events - early Import of cyclin B1-cdk1. Disassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome condensation. Dissociation of cohesins from chromatid arms. Separation of centrosomes and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Bipolar attachment of the spindle to the chromosomes. Release of the mitotic checkpoint.

13. Mitotic events - early Import of cyclin B1-cdk1. Disassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome condensation. Dissociation of cohesins from chromatid arms. Separation of centrosomes and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Bipolar attachment of the spindle to the chromosomes. Release of the mitotic checkpoint.

18. Mitotic events - early Import of cyclin B1-cdk1. Disassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome condensation. Dissociation of cohesins from chromatid arms. Separation of centrosomes and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Bipolar attachment of the spindle to the chromosomes. Release of the mitotic checkpoint.

21. Mitotic events - early Import of cyclin B1-cdk1. Disassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome condensation. Dissociation of cohesins from chromatid arms. Separation of centrosomes and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Bipolar attachment of the spindle to the chromosomes. Release of the mitotic checkpoint.

22. The three factors that enable sister chromatid separation The pulling force - the mitotic spindle The glue - cohesins The timing mechanism - spindle checkpoint

25. Condensins replace cohesins in early mitosis

33. Mitotic events - early Import of cyclin B1-cdk1. Disassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome condensation. Dissociation of cohesins from chromatid arms. Separation of centrosomes and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Bipolar attachment of the spindle to the chromosomes. Release of the mitotic checkpoint.

35. Centrosome separation G1 G2 Prophase

38. Mitotic events - early Import of cyclin B1-cdk1. Disassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome condensation. Dissociation of cohesins from chromatid arms. Separation of centrosomes and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Bipolar attachment of the spindle to the chromosomes. Release of the mitotic checkpoint.

40. Fluorescent mad2 on centromeres

44. Mitotic events - metaphase Activation of the APC/C - degradation of securin - cleavage of Scc1 - Metaphase transition

45. The story of the two blind men Two blind men go into a shop and buy each five different pairs of socks. Unfortunately all ten pairs were packed in the same bag. How can the two men separate the socks so that each of them will get five pairs ?

50. Sister chromatid separation from prometaphase to anaphase Securin Separin Cohesin metaphase Securin Separin Cohesin prometaphase APC Check point Separin anaphase APC Securin Separin

51. Non-degradable securin does not prevent cytokinesis but interferes with complete chromatide separation histon-GFPHoechst HeLa securin KAA-DM securin KAA-DM NIH3T3

52. Time lapse photography of cells expressing non-degradable securin There is no problem to enter mitosis however at the metaphase transition trouble starts: Some cell manage relatively well but remain connected by a thin thread of chromatin.

53. Time lapse photography of cells expressing non-degradable securin Some cells just give up and decondense their DNA without dividing at all.

55. Mitotic events - late Activation of the APC/C - degradation of securin - cleavage of Scc1 - Metaphase transition Chromatid segregation. Degradation of cyclin B1 Reassembly of the nuclear lamina. Chromosome decondensation. Cytokinesys

63. The Polo kinases