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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-1 PowerPoint to accompany Essentials of Medical Language Allan, Lockyer Chapter 11: The Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems The Essentials of the Languages of Hematology and Immunology
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-2 The Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems Lesson 11.1: Components and Functions of Blood
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-3 Components of Blood Components of blood –red blood cells –white blood cells –platelets –plasma
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display Components of Blood © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Eric Wise
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-5 Components of Blood Formed elements – RBCs 1. hematocrit – WBCs – platelets – plasma – serum
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-6 Word Analysis and Definition Define the following root elements: – coll – emia – hemat/o – vita
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-7 Components of Blood Functions of RBCs –transport of oxygen (O 2 ) –transport of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) –transport of nitric oxide (NO)
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-8 Structure, Functions, and Disorders of Red Blood Cells Disorders of RBCs – anemia 1.iron-deficiency anemia 2.pernicious anemia (PA) 3.sickle cell anemia 4.hemolytic anemia 5.aplastic anemia
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-9 Structure, Functions, and Disorders of Red Blood Cells KEYNOTE: Anemia produces pallor (pale color) because of the deficiency of the red- colored oxyhemoglobin, the combination of oxygen and hemoglobin.
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-10 Word Analysis and Definition Give the correct term for the following definitions: – another term for RBC – below-normal levels of oxygen – paleness of the skin – large WBC that removes bacteria
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-11 Word Analysis and Definition Define the following related terms: –hematocrit –hematology –hematologist –hemoglobin –hemolysis –hemolytic
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-12 Word Analysis and Definition Identify the prefix, root, and suffix of the following terms. Then define each: – agglutinate ag- -glutin- -ate – hemoglobinopathy hem/o- -globin/o- -pathy – pernicious anemia per- -nici- -ous an- -emia
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-13 Abbreviations Define the following abbreviations: –RBC –WBC –Hct –O 2, CO 2, NO –Hb –PA –SOB
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-14 Word Analysis and Definition The following terms are related to white blood cells. Define the difference in the following terms which share the same suffix: – agranulocyte – granulocyte – leukocyte – lymphocyte – monocyte
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-15 Abbreviations Define the following abbreviations: –Ig –DIFF –EBV –PMNLs
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-16 White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) Disorders of WBCs – leukocytosis – leukemia – leukopenia – pancytopenia
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-17 Word Analysis and Definition Explain the difference in the following terms which have the same suffix: – basophil – eosinophil – neutrophil
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-18 Hemostasis Definition Disorders of coagulation (coagulopathies) – hemophilia – von Willebrand disease (vWD) – disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-19 Hemostasis Disorders of Coagulation (Coagulopathies) – thrombus formation – embolus KEYNOTE: A thrombus is a clot. An embolus is a piece of thrombus that breaks off.
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-20 Hemostasis Disorders of coagulation (coagulopathies) –thrombocytopenia –purpura petechiae –bruises (or hematomas)
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-21 Word Analysis and Definition Define each term and describe their relationship: –coagulant, anticoagulant –thrombosis, embolus, thrombocyte –hemostasis, hematoma
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display Blood Groups and Transfusions Red cell antigens ABO blood group –type A –type B –type AB –type O 11-22
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-23 Abbreviations Define the following abbreviations: –ABO –HDN –Rh, Rh+, Rh- –RhoGAM
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-24 Word Analysis and Definition Identify the prefix and define the term. –agglutination –antibody –autologous –infusion –transfusion ag- to (same as ad-) anti- against auto- self, same in- in trans- across
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-25 The Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems Lesson 11.2: Lymphatic System
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-26 Word Analysis and Definition Give the correct term for the following definitions: –a disease-causing microorganism –substance creating a hypersensitivity (allergic) reaction –pertaining to lymph –vascular, lymphatic organ in left upper quadrant of abdomen
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-27 Lymphatic System Components –vessels –cells, tissues, organs –lymph nodes –lymph
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-28 Lymphatic System Functions –absorbs excess interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream –removes foreign chemicals, cells, and debris from the tissues –absorbs dietary lipids from the small intestine
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-29 Word Analysis and Definition Identify the suffix of the following words to determine the meaning of each word: –immune –immunity –immunology –immunologist –immunize –immunization
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-30 Lymphatic System Functions –absorbs excess interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream –removes foreign chemicals, cells, and debris from the tissues –absorbs dietary lipids from the small intestine
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-31 Lymphatic System Lymphatic tissues and cells –T cells killer T cells helper T cells memory T cells suppressor T cells –B cells
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-32 Lymphatic Organs Spleen Tonsils Adenoids Thymus
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-33 Word Analysis and Definition What are the differences between the sets of words? –spleen, splenectomy, and splenomegaly –bacterium and bacteria
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-10 Disorders of the Lymphatic System Lymphoma –Hodgkin lymphoma –non-Hodgkin lymphoma Tonsillitis
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-35 Disorders of the Lymphatic System Splenomegaly Ruptured spleen Lymphedema
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-12 Word Analysis and Definition Identify the suffix of the following words to determine the meaning of each word: –lymphoma –lymphadenectomy –lymphadenitis –lymphadenopathy –lymphangiogram
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems Lesson 11.3: Immune System 11-37
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-38 Word Analysis and Definition Define each term and use it in a sentence: –antigen –mutation –antecubital
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-39 Immunity Cellular immunity Humoral immunity
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-40 Word Analysis and Definition Give the term based on the provided definition: –to administer a preparation to generate active immunity –a group of proteins in serum that destroy bacteria and other cells –to weaken the ability of an organism to cause disease
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-41 Abbreviations Define the following abbreviations: –HepA –HepB –MMR –Hib
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-42 Disorders of the Immune System Hypersensitivity Anaphylaxis Anaphylactic shock Asthma
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-43 Disorders of the Immune System Autoimmune disorders Immunodeficiency disorders –congenital (inborn) –immunosuppression –acquired immunodeficiency HIV and AIDS
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-44 Word Analysis and Definition What do these terms have in common? How are they different? –alloimmune –autoimmune –immunodeficiency –immunosuppression
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-45 HIV and AIDS HIV –retrovirus –attacks T cells –causes AIDS HIV transmission
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-46 Word Analysis and Definition Define each term and then use each in a sentence: –dormant –incubation –opportunistic
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-47 Infection Bacterial infections Viral infections Fungal infections Parasitic infections
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Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 11-48 Word Analysis and Definition Define each term: –microbe –endemic –epidemic –nosocomial
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