1. Submitted By :-  Megha Bagde  Maheshwary Dhanker  Muskan Thantharate  Chitra Netam

2. Contents  Contents ◦ Why do we need it?  Video-on-Demand ◦ MMS ◦ EDGE ◦ Benefits over GPRS

3. Increased Data Use As discussed last week the introduction of increased data rates technology will take place over time. Each of these introductions will then allow development towards 3G. Each of these technologies will be built upon to allow 3G Last week we introduced GPRS This week we are looking at EDGE Both are referred to as 2.5G technology 2 G GSM 2.5 G EDGE GPRS 3G UMTS

4. Edge Will allow another step towards the use of 3G This will allow the infrastructure to grow and improve Consider what would happen if a network went from 9.6 Kbps data access to 2Mbps in a short time It would not be able to cope as the companies would not be available to update the entire network infrastructure that quickly The network infrastructure would not cope and upgrades will be required. This is already a consideration with EDGE level access 20 devices receiving a football stream at 200 (reasonable quality) Kbps in a town centre Base station needs 20 * 200 = 4 Mbps Now consider how many other base stations are also requesting the same data?

5. Video-on-Demand (VOD) Two choices for VOD Stream the entire film across the network in real-time Sensitive to any delays in the network A powerful enough server would be needed to supply the demand Does not need a large amount of storage on the actual device Download parts of the film in the background to the device and play it when the film is in the storage of the device Device will need sufficient storage Some method would be needed to know what a person might be interested in A pre-registration scheme for example with a football match A scheme somewhere between the two would be ideal Part of the video would be downloaded to get the viewer watching whilst the rest would be downloaded in real-time

6. Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) With increased data rates and expectations we now have MMS as a replacement for SMS MMS is designed to allow multimedia elements to be sent between compatible devices Currently this consists mostly of photos The standards allow for Video Pictures Audio Text Expansion for future use

7. MMS continued Charging for MMS Issues around how to charge and who to charge At the moment the sender pays Not a problem with the current relatively small amount of data sent Consideration needs to be given to who will pay for delivery When larger video files are transferred Latest standard allows for the sender to pay for any reply to a message This may be used by companies for advertising, equivalent of a free phone number

8. EDGE As with GSM and GPRS will have separate downlink and uplink channels A discussion is currently taking place regarding the use of 8-PSK As the internet is a download intensive environment 8-psk may only be used in the downlink Uplink may well remain as the GSM GMSK This will reduce the overhead of the 8-PSK

9. Quality The code rate indicates how much of the packet is data (including headers) and how much is error checking code MCS3 indicates that 15% of the packet is error checking code ModulationData RateModulation TechniqueCode Rate MSC18.8 KbpsGMSK0.53 MSC211.2 KbpsGMSK0.66 MSC314.8 KbpsGMSK0.85 MSC417.6 KbpsGMSK1 MSC522.4 Kbps8PSK0.37 MSC629.6 Kbps8PSK0.49 MSC744.8 Kbps8PSK0.76 MSC854.4 Kbps8PSK0.92 MSC959.2 Kbps8PSK1

10. Infrastructure will not need adding to from the GPRS environment

13. EDGE continued The data transferred is transferred using 8 Phase shifting Key (8 PSK) This can change and will be discussed further in a further slide This allows the transfer of 3 bits in each modulation Three times GPRS and one of the reason why EDGE is 3x faster EDGE is more sensitive to errors and as such needs to be close to the transmitter to allow maximum throughput of data

14.  More user with more throughput.  Up to 2.5x data throughput for equal traffic GPRS EDGE GPRS EDGE  Up to 6.5x traffic for same bandwidth (15 kbps/slot) Data Throughput Users Equal Traffic Model Equal QoS Model (Data Equivalent to Erlang’s Law) Or

15. EDGE continued Works the same as GPRS as in a single GSM frame is divided between the transmission ChannelUse of the Channel 1Voice 2AAAABBABBAAAAFA 3Voice 4AAABAABAAAFAAAA 5AAAFAFAFFFAFFFFB 6BBBBABABAFFFFFFF 7Voice 8FFAFFAFFABABBBBB Data Users A = User 1 B = User 2 F = User 3 In this instance we have 3 voice calls and 3 users receiving data

16. Summary Why do we need it? Video-on-Demand MMS EDGE Benefits over GPRS