1. Pre-Class 1/5/10  In your notes:  Give this picture a title  List 3 details that you see in this picture  What stands out to you in this picture?  Write down 3 questions you have about this picture.

2. Toussaint L’Overture (French Perspective)

3. Welcome 1/5/10  Today’s Agenda 1. Pre-Class 2. Share Out 3. Haitian Revolution 4. Final Thoughts/HW Today’s Objectives 1. To learn about the Haitian Rebellion 2. To learn what effect it had on American slaves Announcements  Notes are in BLUE today.

4. So where is Haiti?

5. Quick Thoughts  Raise your hands in response to the following questions: 1. What ideas do we remember about Caribbean Slavery? 2. What were the conditions like? 3. What was the population of Caribbean plantations like?

6. San Domingue 1. *San Domingue was the largest Carribean Colony 2. S.D. also made the most money of all the Caribbean Colonies.  What can these facts tell us about life on San Domingue? *San Domingue = Haiti

7. Why is San Domingue Relevant? COPY THESE DOWN 1. It is the site of the largest and most successful slave revolt in the Americas 2. Becomes the first internationally recognized and independent Black Nation in the Americas 3. Would inspire slaves in America as a symbol of Black freedom

8. San Domingue 18 th Century  San Domingue was owned by the French.  Society was based on sugar plantations.  Population involved  Racial Break Down:  20,000-40,000 whites  3.5% - 7%  30,000 free people of color  5%  15,000 mulattos  2.5%  500,000 slaves  88%

9. Turn and Discuss with your partner San Domingue was in essence no different than any other Sugar-producing colony at that time. And yet revolution is about to break out! What might lead to slave revolution? Hint: Think about what else is going on in the world at this time.

10.  REMEMBER BLUE = NOTES!

11. 2 Main Influences…  The Haitian Revolution was inspired by 2 other revolutions:  American Revolution 1776  French Revolution 1789  The ideas of the Enlightenment made it to San Domingue and inspired revolution among the slaves!  Haitian Revolution 1791-1804  Americans inspire French, French inspire San Domingue (Haiti)

12. Enlightened Ideas in San Domingue  French Revolution – Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen  All Men are born and remain free and equal  White Planters in San Domingue refuse equality to blacks  Free blacks and slaves revolt in response.

13. Local Leaders Inspire Revolution Boukman Dutty – Ex-Slave and Voodoo Leader “[I am Boukman Dutty, former slave and voodoo priest.] God who made the sun that shines on us from above, who makes the sea to rage and the thunder roll, this same great God from his hiding place on a cloud, hear me, all of you, is looking down upon us. He sees what the whites are doing. The God of the whites asks for crime; ours desires only blessings. But this God who is good directs you to vengeance! He will direct our arms, he will help us. Cast aside the image of the God of the whites who thirsts for our tears and pay heed to the voice of liberty speaking in our hearts….”

14. The “Black George Washington”  Toussaint L’Ouverture  Leader and General of the Black Slave Army  Was born into slavery  Freed at Age 33  Actually owned slaves on San Domingue (eventually freed them)

15. The Haitian Revolution! -- Under Toussaint  Lasted 13 bloody years  Toussaint and his forces fought British, Spanish and French  When France lost control of San Domingue, other Europeans moved in to steal the colony  Alliances shifted during the 13 years  Toussaint eventually signed treaties with France,  France made Toussaint Governor of San Domingue for life 1797  Why would France do this? Why make peace with Toussaint?  1802 Toussaint is captured by Napoleon’s forces (Double Cross)  Llerc (Napoleon’s Brother-in-law) leads forces

16. Haitian Revolution – After Toussaint  Once Toussaint removed French begin nasty campaign to reinstitute slavery  Man-eating dogs to hunt black soldiers  Massacres/mutilations of blacks  Dessalines (black general) takes command defeats French, Haiti declares independence 1804!  After losing San Domingue, Napoleon sells the US his Lousiana Territory  Revenge Taken by Black Soldiers

17. Tonight’s Homework Read Pages 162 “Slave Uprisings” – 165 Answer the following: 1. How did the legacy of the Haitian Rebellion and Toussaint Louverture and the Enlightenment affect the views of slaves and their ideas on rebellion? 2. How did the whites react to the fear of slave uprisings? What actions did they take?