1. You light up my life
conductivity

2. Chem Catalyst
If you were to drop a spoonful of salt (NaCl) and a gold ring into a glass of water and stirred for 2 minutes, what would happen to both substances?
Why do these substance react so differently to water? Answer in terms protons, neutrons and/or electrons.
Are atoms of gold, sodium and chlorine considered metals, nonmetals or metalloids?

3. The Big Question
What patterns do we see in the properties of substances in relationship to the atoms that compose them?
Unit 1 • Investigation V 3

4. You will be able to:
Predict whether MgSO4(aq), epsom salts, will conduct electricity.
Unit 1 • Investigation V 4

5. Two properties we will explore in this lab
Conductivity
Solubility in water

6. Define
Conductivity
Solubility

7. Build conductivity meters
We use Christmas Tree lights with wires to form a conductivity meter

8. (cont.)
(cont.)
Unit 1 • Investigation V 8

9. Draw a sketch of set up in your comp book

10. Test Salt dry
Mix salt and Distilled water
Test mixture

11. Intro to electricity What is a circuit? Open vs closed circuit
Short Circuit

12. Salt and saltwater demonstration
Determine if Sodium chloride (Table salt) conducts electricity as a solid.
Determine if Sodium chloride dissolves in water
Determine if NaCl (aq) is a conductive substance

13. Revisit Mixtures and Substance change
Amount of Solubility
Homogeneous (H): Uniform Solution, can not determine separate ingredients
Heterogeneous (He): Can determine ingredients, but some mixing occurs
When water was added to create a solution:
Was there a:
Chemical change (C) (chemical reaction, evidence by bubbles or a change of color different from the substances dissolved)

14. Lab set up
Form groups
Make sure each member has their own copy of all handouts
There are a number of stations around the room, groups will be rotating through them
Groups will take their conductivity test equipment with them as they move through the stations

15. Why does something dissolve?
The connections between molecules of the substance are broken
It does not mean that the connections between the atoms that make up the molecule are severed.

16. Activity
Purpose: This lesson allows you to collect evidence regarding the conductivity and solubility properties of certain substances, and look for patterns.
(cont.)
Unit 1 • Investigation V 16

17. Procedures to take at the stations
Do not leave the conductivity meter connected in circuit too long. These Christmas light burn out very fast
Do not connect wire to both ends of battery, creating a short (dangerous). This burns out the batteries extremely fast. Points will be deducted from group score for lab if this occurs
Once you test the materials at a station take paper clips off of beaker and dry them off. Separate all material
Do not place paper clips used to test one material or solution into a different one, (minimize Contamination)

18. Extra Lab Precautions
Be aware about special conditions for the following materials:
Ethanol (strong smelling)
Calcium Chloride Solution (can damage paper clip, stain clothes)
Copper Sulfate solution (can damage paper clip)

19. The solvent will be water for each solution

20. When Done Answer questions based on lab with your partner(s)
Make sure your have cleaned up after yourself
Question and answer session will follow

21. In Solid Form In aqueous form Mixture Type Hom , Het Chemical Change
Solute Formula
and Name
Conduct?
Dissolve?
Potassium Chloride (KCl)
Al(s)
C12H22O11(s) Sugar
NaCl(s) Salt
SiO2(s) Sand
C20H42(s)
Parrafin wax NO
Het No
C2H6O(l) Ethanol
XXXXXX(No)
Cu(s)
CaCl2(s),
calcium chloride
CuSO4(s),
copper sulfate
Tap Water (mixture)
XXXXXXXXX
Distilled H2O (l)

22. Most objects can be sorted into one of 4 categories:
Whether it dissolves or not
Whether it conducts or not

23. Notes Dissolves Yes No Conducts Conducts Yes No Yes No NaCl – salt
CaCl2 – calcium chloride
CuSO4 – copper sulfate
KCl-potassium Cl
H2O – water
C12H22O11 – sugar
C2H6O – ethanol
Cu – copper
Al – aluminum
SiO2 – sand
C20H42 – paraffin
Unit 1 • Investigation V 23

24. Which elements in the chemical formulas of the solutes and solvents are:
Metals
Nonmetals

25. Elements in the solutes, solvents
Metals Na Ca Cu K Al
Non-metals (including metalloids) H O C S Si Cl

26. Conducts, dissolves
Conducts, does not dissolve
Dissolves, does not conduct
Does not dissolve or conduct

27. Connections between type of element and whether the substance is soluble or conductive?

28. Why does something dissolve?
The connections between molecules of the substance are broken
It does not mean that the connections between the atoms that make up the molecule are severed.

29. Wrap-Up Not all substances conduct electricity or dissolve win water.
Substances that do conduct electricity involve either solid metals, or metal-nonmetal compounds dissolved in water.
Compounds that both dissolve and conduct require at least one metal and one non-metal element in the chemical formula.
Unit 1 • Investigation V 29

30. Check-in
Predict whether MgSO4(aq), epsom salts, will conduct electricity.