Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Elections and Campaigns

Published byFelix Welch Modified over 9 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Elections and Campaigns"— Presentation transcript:

1 Elections and Campaigns
Chapter Ten Elections and Campaigns

2 Campaigning Time for some campaigning ; )
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

3 Presidential v. Congressional Campaigns
There is more voter participation in presidential campaigns Presidential races are more competitive than House races Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

4 The Flow of Presidential Elections
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

5 Introduction Ads When a candidate is largely unknown to the public, the initial set of ads are usually an introduction of who the candidate is. Creates a first impression Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

6 Chuck Norris Approved Mike Huckabee 2008
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

7 Vote Different-Obama Barack Obama 2008 Apple ad 1984 for context
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

8 Positive Ads Ads designed by a campaign team to attempt to convince voter to vote for a candidate Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9 Morning in America Reagan 1984
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

10 The Bear Reagan 1984 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

11 Negative Ads Ads designed by a campaign team that attempts to convince voters to vote against a candidate Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

12 The Willie Horton Ad George H.W. Bush 1988
The cues in the Willie Horton ad Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13 Swiftboating The ad Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

14 Daisy LBJ 1964 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

15 Congressional Elections
Claire McCaskill Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

16 What are you thinking??? Christine O’Donnell 2010 context
Jerry Springer 1980 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

17 Presidential v. Congressional Campaigns
Lower turnout in off years means that candidates must appeal to more motivated and partisan voters Members of Congress can do things for their constituents that the president cannot Members of Congress can distance themselves from the “mess in Washington” Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

18 Congressional Elections
Incumbents have an extraordinary advantage – and no terms limits in Congress Each state has two senators; number of House representatives based on state population, as determined by the census House members are elected from single-member districts Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

19 Drawing District Boundaries
Malapportionment: districts have very different populations, so the votes in the less-populated district “weigh more” than those in the more-populated district Gerrymandering: boundaries are drawn to favor one party rather than another, resulting in odd-shaped districts Music can explain& clarify ; ) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

20 Pa Congressional Districts
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

21 Staying in Congress Members gear their offices to help individual constituents Committee members secure pork for the district Members must decide to what extent to be delegates ( to do what the district wants) versus trustees ( to use their independent judgment) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

22 Funding for Congressional Elections
Most money comes from individual small donors ($100– $200 a person) $2,000 maximum for individual donors $5,000 limit for PACs, but most give just a few hundred dollars Challengers must supply much of their own money Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

23 Federal Election Commission.
Figure 10.2: Growth of PACs Insert Figure 10.2 (formerly 8.2 in 9e) Federal Election Commission. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

24 Campaign Finance – PAC’s
How does campaign finance work? Where does all that $ go? Say it with a song Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

25 Super PAC’s What is a SuperPac Or…with a groove
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

26 Table 10.2: Top Twenty PAC Contributors to Federal Candidates, Democratic and Republican (2005–2006)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

27 1974 Campaign Finance Reform
1972: Watergate and illegal donations from corporation, unions, and individuals catalyzed change Brought about the 1974 federal campaign reform law and Federal Election Commission (FEC) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

28 Raising Money Individuals can give $2,000; PACs can give $5,000 in each election to each candidate Candidates must raise $5,000 in twenty states in individual contributions of $250 or less to qualify for federal matching grants to pay for primary campaigns Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

29 Problems with Campaign Financing
Independent expenditures: an organization or PAC can spend as much as it wishes on advertising, so long as it is not coordinated with a candidate’s campaign Soft money: unlimited amounts of money may be given to a political party, so long as a candidate is not named Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

30 Bipartisan Campaign Finance Reform Act
Banned soft money contributions to national parties from corporations and unions after the 2002 election Raised the limit on individual donations to $2,000 per candidate per election Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

31 Bipartisan Campaign Finance Reform Act
Sharply restricted independent expenditures Corporations, unions, trade associations, nonprofit organizations cannot use their own money for an advertisement referring to a candidate by name 30 days before a primary and 60 days before a general election Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

32 527 Organizations A new source of money under the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act Designed to permit the kind of soft money expenditures once made by political parties They can spend their money on politics so long as they do not coordinate with a candidate or lobby directly for that person Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

33 Citizens United Ramifications
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

34 Contribution Limits Chart 2013-14.htm
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

35 Money and Winning Presidential candidates have similar funds because of federal funding During peacetime, presidential elections are usually decided on the basis of three factors: Political party affiliation The economy Character Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

36 Voter Behavior V. O. Key: most voters who switch parties do so in their own interests Prospective voting is used by relatively few voters Retrospective voting is practiced by most voters, and decides most elections Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

37 Coalitions Democratic coalition: African Americans, Jews, Hispanics (not Cuban) Catholics, southerners and union members are leaving the Democrats Republican coalition: business and professional people who are very loyal, farmers Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

38 Figure 10.4: Partisan Division of the Presidential Vote in the Nation, 1856–2004
Insert Figure 10.4 (formerly 8.4 in 9e) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

39 Do Elections Make a Difference in Policy?
Many American elections do make differences in policy But the constitutional system generally moderates the pace of change Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Download ppt "Elections and Campaigns"

Similar presentations

AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS

AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Chapter 8. A) Introduction 1. Getting nominated & getting elected a. Get name on ballot b. Individual effort c. Role of parties.

Chapter 8. A) Introduction 1. Getting nominated & getting elected a. Get name on ballot b. Individual effort c. Role of parties.
Unit 3.2: Electoral Process

Unit 3.2: Electoral Process
CHAPTER 14 Campaigns and Elections

CHAPTER 14 Campaigns and Elections
Parties and Campaign Finance. What role do parties play in these campaigns? Candidates hire partisan professionals to run campaigns In most races, the.

Parties and Campaign Finance. What role do parties play in these campaigns? Candidates hire partisan professionals to run campaigns In most races, the.
Primary Elections Lecture 6.7. A.A primary election is an election in which voters decide which of the candidates w/in a party will represent the party.

Primary Elections Lecture 6.7. A.A primary election is an election in which voters decide which of the candidates w/in a party will represent the party.
CHAPTER 14 The Campaign Process. Nomination Process Once a candidate declares his/her intention to run their focus is on winning the nomination of their.

CHAPTER 14 The Campaign Process. Nomination Process Once a candidate declares his/her intention to run their focus is on winning the nomination of their.
Nominations, Campaigns, and elections

Nominations, Campaigns, and elections
Campaign Finance. 1972/1974 Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) Creates the FEC –federal election commission to regulate, oversee and enforce campaign.

Campaign Finance. 1972/1974 Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) Creates the FEC –federal election commission to regulate, oversee and enforce campaign.
Money and Elections Running for office costs a lot of money.

Money and Elections Running for office costs a lot of money.
Campaign Finance. Why is money necessary to political campaigns? Why is money in campaigns problematic for representative democracy? Can we restrict money.

Campaign Finance. Why is money necessary to political campaigns? Why is money in campaigns problematic for representative democracy? Can we restrict money.
Financing Campaigns. Running for office is very expensive; for example, presidential candidates spend about 1 billion dollars each in the 2012 election.

Financing Campaigns. Running for office is very expensive; for example, presidential candidates spend about 1 billion dollars each in the 2012 election.
* Independent Expenditures – spending by political action committees, corporations, or labor unions to help a party or candidate but done independently.

* Independent Expenditures – spending by political action committees, corporations, or labor unions to help a party or candidate but done independently.
Chapter 10.3 Paying for Election Campaigns. Running for Office A campaign for a major office takes a lot of money. A campaign organization runs each campaign.

Chapter 10.3 Paying for Election Campaigns. Running for Office A campaign for a major office takes a lot of money. A campaign organization runs each campaign.
AMERICA = YOU PARLIAMENTARY = PARTY PAGE 231 Presidential –More people vote –Candidate must work harder and spend more –More competitive –Winner gets.

AMERICA = YOU PARLIAMENTARY = PARTY PAGE 231 Presidential –More people vote –Candidate must work harder and spend more –More competitive –Winner gets.
8 Campaigns and Elections Democracy in Action.

8 Campaigns and Elections Democracy in Action.
Campaigns and Elections Chapter 9. Elections Do Matter 2000 election: Al Gore won national popular vote by 539,947 votes but Bush carried 537 more votes.

Campaigns and Elections Chapter 9. Elections Do Matter 2000 election: Al Gore won national popular vote by 539,947 votes but Bush carried 537 more votes.
* A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations. * PAC must give.

* A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations. * PAC must give.
CAMPAIGN FINANCE AND SPENDING.  1974 – Federal Election Campaign Act is passed to reform campaign finances.  Two main goals: (1) Tightening reporting.

CAMPAIGN FINANCE AND SPENDING.  1974 – Federal Election Campaign Act is passed to reform campaign finances.  Two main goals: (1) Tightening reporting.
What Determines Elections? Linkage Institutions #4.

What Determines Elections? Linkage Institutions #4.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google