1. Представление решений RAD для присоединения базовых станций сотовой связи.

2. Agenda Cellular Backhauling introduction Applications Main features
Summary

3. Introduction

4. The Mobile Backhaul Segment
MSC
National
Backbone
BSC/RNC
/aGW
Regional
Backbone
Access
Network
Mobile backhaul encompasses the transport network
between cell sites (base stations) and associated
controller or gateway sites.
BTS/
NodeB/
IP-NodeB/
eNB
Cellular Backhaul
ACE-3000 Family

5. Mobile Backhaul Challenges
400 Mbps
2009
2010
2011
100 Mbps
70 Mbps
2012
Capacity/Latency
HSPA, PH2 (Rel-6)
LTE
Rel-9
Rel-10
40msec
10msec
Latency
Capacity
HSPA, PH3 (Rel-7)
HSPA, (Rel-8)
Rel-8
HSPA, (Rel-9)
Evolution of the 3.5G HDPA+ and 4G LTE Broadband data services introduce new challenges to the mobile backhaul

6. Smooth Mobile Backhaul Evolution
Aggregation Site
Gateway
Cell Site/Hub Site
aGW/
RNC/BSC
BTS/Node B
/eNB
SONET/
SDH/ATM
Traditional
Cell Site/Hub Site
Gateway
aGW/
RNC/BSC
BTS/Node B/
eNB
Hybrid
Aggregation Site
IP/MPLS
SONET/
SDH/ATM
Packet
Aggregation Site
Gateway
Cell Site/Hub Site
aGW/
RNC/BSC
BTS/Node B
/eNB
IP/MPLS

7. Go To Market Definitions
Target Customers
Mobile operators
Owning their own backhaul infrastructure
Leasing backhaul services
Transport providers
providing backhaul transport service to mobile operators
Main Target Applications
2G and 3G services over ATM backhaul
2G/3G and 4G services over PSN backhaul
Microwave backhauling from the Hub Site
Backhauling over any media -- Copper, Fiber or Microwave
Value Proposition
Decoupling capacity from cost – reduce backhauling cost per Mbps
Resolve the backhaul bottleneck
Step by step migration toward all-IP
Transparent backhauling of GSM/UMTS/Wimax and LTE over packet based network

8. ACE-3x00 Cellular Backhauling Network Architecture
ACE-32xx
ACE-310x
LA-130
ACE-340x
ACE-3600
3rd party solution
ACE-340x
BTS/Node B
IP Node-B
or eNB
First mile
Backhauling Segment
Middle mile
Backhauling Segment
BSC/RNC/
IP RNC/aGW
BTS/Node B
IP-Node-B/eNB
BTS/Node B
IP-Nonde B/eNB
BTS/Node B
IP-Nonde B/eNB
Cell Site
Hub Site
Aggregation Site

9. Market Trend: Cellular Operators move the Tradtional RAN to IP-RAN, Why?
Backhaul of BSS/UTRAN is one of the major contributors to the high cost of building out and running a mobile network.
Cellular operators have massive deployment of PDH/SDH traffic, most reliable solution for GSM and R’99 UMTS backhaul.
PDH/SDH Mobile Backhaul solution does not seem flexible enough to efficiently deliver statistical/bursty traffic.
Cellular operators would like to maximize revenues and margins by converging mobile flows over a unified Packet Switched Network infrastructure in order to reduce both Capex and Opex by using PW.

10. Pseudowire Emulated Service
What is PW?
Pseudowire is a mechanism that emulates the essential attributes of a telecommunications service over a packet-switched network
TDM leased line, ATM or ETH
It defines a way to packetize and encapsulate data and create a logical link between two network entities
Pseudowire technology is an enabler for the migration scenarios, with circuit and service emulation of legacy services over packet networks
PWE3 #1
PWE3 #2
PSN
TDM
ATM
HDLC,
ETH etc.
TDM
ATM
HDLC,
ETH etc.
Tunnel
CLE/CPE
CLE/CPE
Service
Pseudowire Emulated Service
Service

11. Applications

12. Leveraging Cellular Backhauling Over Copper (xDSL)
IP-Node-B PW
ADSL2+
for HSxPA Services
BSC
n x FE
63  E1/T1
Aggregation/ Hub Site Gateway
ACE-3220
n x E1/T1
TDM/ATM
Ch. STM-1/OC-3c
GbE
PSN
ETH/IP/MPLS
Network
GbE
BTS/Node B
RNC/IP-RNC
n x E1/T1
TDM/ATM
GbE
STM-1/OC-3c
BTS/Node B
ACE-3105
n x SHDSL for
R99 and GSM Data
Benefits:
Using any flavor of DSL technology for cellular backhauling
Simultaneously supports ADSL2+ for HSPA and SHDSL.bis for R99 and GSM or data services with M-pair/IMA/EFM Bonding technologies
Full synchronization solution by using ACR or 1588v2 or NTR
Interoperability with Cisco 76xx ASG and Cisco management system ‘ANA’
Like the previous slide Over PSN infrastructure.
Emphasis the fact that no HW change required to change the transport from ATM to PSN (incase of A/AS option was included).
All the change are configuration only.
RAD IOT with leading central site solution vendor (ALU, Cisco).
Emphasis RAD clocking benefits:
Variety of Method and Architecture supported: Synchronization via a dedicated TDM (including 2 Mhz – ACE-3220), Synchronization of NTR over SHDSL, Synchronization via timing over packet ( ACR and 1588v2).
Supports new G.8262 Sync-E standard .
Frequency accuracy better than +/-16ppb with excellent Holdover capability.
MTIE mask meets G.8261/G.823 standards. 12

13. 2G/3G/4G Cellular Backhauling Over Fiber
ASN GW
n x GbE PW
BSC
n  E1/T1 TDM
Aggregation
Gateway
n x E1/T1
TDM/ATM IMA
PSN
ETH/IP/MPLS
Network
Ch. STM-1/OC-3
GbE
GbE
BTS/NodeB
Cell-Site Gateway
ACE-3220
3’rd party vendor
Multiservice device
RNC
n x FE
ACE-3220
n x STM-1/OC-3c
IP Node B
GbE
eNB
Benefits:
Backhauling all kind of cellular BSS technologies and vendors over GbE
Emulating TDM/ATM/ETH over ETH/IP/MPLS
Co-location of ETH Node-B by using
ETH PW
Layer 2 Bridging
Full synchronization support by using 1588v2 and Sync-E
Interoperability with Cisco 76xx ASG and Cisco management system ‘ANA’
Ideally, such devices can aggregate traffic from several cell-sites and transport it over the Ran to the relevant controllers. The ACE-3220’s value proposition lies in its ability to provide top-performance in a single box, delivering traffic from practically every generation over a packet switched network, or a P-S-N, using any available access infrastructure. It can simultaneously handle G-S-M, C-D-M-A and U-M-T-S traffic, together with next-generation L-T-E and Wimax transmissions. This way, operators and providers converge all their services over unified, low-cost backhaul instead of maintaining multiple dedicated networks in parallel or investing in expensive overlays.
The ability to deliver voice and data services over IP transport while ensuring the stringent quality requirements of cellular networks is very much dependent on the extent to which the cell-site gateway supports different flavors of pseudowire emulation and accurate clock recovery over the IP, M-P-L-S or Ethernet network. In both respects, the ACE-3220 brings state-of-the-art capabilities, with the most comprehensive pseudowire and synchronization feature set available in the market today. As the best-of breed cell-site gateway, the ACE-3220 is also fully interoperable with aggregation gateways from leading vendors, which concentrate controller traffic on the other end of the PSN.

14. Wireless Cellular Backhaul PW over ETH MW
‘1st mile’
‘middle mile’
MW links
Cell Site
Hub Site
BSC
n x E1/T1
TDM
ETH MW
n x E1/T1 TDM or
Ch. STM-1/OC-3
AGG Site
2G BTS
PSN
ETH/IP/MPLS
ACE-3220
RNC
STM-1/OC-3c
ATM
GbE
GbE
n x E1/T1
IMA
IP RNC
n x E1/T1
TDM 3G
Node B
ETH
BTS/Node B
ACE-3220
3’rd party vendor
Multiservice device FE PW
3G IP
Node B PW
Benefits
Offers smooth migration for Ethernet MW
Full end to end OAM solution
Co location of mixture traffic over ETH MW

15. Wireless Cellular Backhaul Grooming PDH MW at the Hub location
‘1st mile’
‘middle mile’
MW links
Cell Site
Hub Site
ACE-3400
GbE
PSN
ETH/IP/MPLS
BSC
n x E1/T1
TDM
TDM MW
n x E1/T1 TDM or
Ch. STM-1/OC-3
AGG Site
2G BTS
RNC
STM1/
OC3
STM1/OC3
SONET/SDH
Network
STM-1/OC-3c
ATM
63 x E1/T1
or Ch. STM-1/OC-3c
n x E1/T1
IMA
IP RNC
ETH
3G Node B
BTS/Node B
3’rd party vendor
Multiservice device PW PW
Benefits
Smooth migration to IP/MPLS networks while using TDM MW legacy equipment
Full end to end OAM solution
Co location of mixture traffic over TDM MW
Flexible Synchronization support

16. Main Features

17. Smooth Migration Path
ATM ADSL/ATM SHDSL
/EFM-SHDSL PW
ETH/IP/MPLS
All services transport over PW over xDSL backhaul
E1/T1 TDM
ACE-3220
ADSL2+
ATM
E1/T1 ATM FE
SHDSL.bis
ASG
IP DSLAM
All services transport over Fiber backhaul
GbE PW
ETH/IP/MPLS
E1/T1 TDM
ACE-3220
PSN
E1/T1 ATM
GbE FE
ASG
GbE

18. Why emulate the ETH-Node over PW?
OAM
n x E1/T1
Node B/BTS
ACE-3220/3105
ACE-3400
RNC PW
(ETH,ATM,TDM)
Packet
Switched
Network PW
(ETH,ATM,TDM)
ETH
STM-1/OC-3c
ETH
IP Node B
3’rd party vendor
Multiservice device
ETH PW allows the ACE-3000 to backhaul ETH/IP traffic coming from NodeBs toward the RNC over IP/MPLS networks
ETH PW on the ACE-3000 can be used together with TDM and ATM PW mechanisms in cases where 2G BTS and 3G Node are collocated on the same site
Benefits:
Unified ATM/TDM/ETH services over IP/MPLS
Automatic provisioning to all Cellular Backhaul services
TDM/ATM/ETH OAM support over IP/MPLS networks

19. Multiple Synchronization Options
Sync-E
IP Node B
ETX
FE/GbE
ETH
IEEE
2G BSC
NTR
IP DSLAM
TDM
ATM IMA
Packet
Switched
Network
ACE-3000
SHDSL
ACE-3220
NodeB
TDM link
3G RNC
ATM
ETH
aGW
eNodeB
TDM
SONET/SDH
Network
S1 (ETH)
ATM IMA
ACE-3220
Synchronization via a TDM link for clock transfer
Timing over packet:
Adaptive clock distribution and recovery
PTPv2 (IEEE ) ordinary clock (master + slave)
Synchronous Ethernet
NTR over SHDSL
Another, closely related issue is timing over packet. Minimal latency and accurate timing recovery are crucial to avoid dropped calls during handoff in cellular networks, making synchronization one of the biggest challenges in the migration to IP backhaul. Since packet switched networks are asynchronous by nature, they introduce inaccuracies, such as packet delay, delay variation and packet loss. These inaccuracies vary in importance, depending on the technology used and services involved.
Harnessing RAD’s extensive expertise and experience in timing over packet solutions, the ACE-3220 is equipped with a full range of highly accurate, standard synchronization options. These are designed to support multiple mobile operators, each with their own clock source, as well as provide excellent holdover and definite frequency accuracy limits for various services, including 50 parts per billion, or ppb, for G-S-M and 16 ppb for C-D-M-A and U-M-T-S.
For backhaul networks comprising of SDH or SONET segments, the clock can be physically transmitted over a native TDM tributary, providing an external and highly accurate clock source.
For PSN segments, the ACE-3220 supports high-performance Adaptive Clock Recovery, where the clock is distributed over the PSN as an inband TDM stream and regenerated using the packets’ time-of-arrival information, independently of the physical layer. The clock stream format is a standard pseudowire flow and bandwidth consumption can be minimized by using a multicast pseudowire for clock distribution.
The ACE-3220 is also designed for clock recovery and distribution according to the latest I triple E standard fifteen eighty eight, also known as Precision Time Protocol, or PTP. This method is based on timestamp information exchange in a master-slave hierarchy, providing fractional nanosecond precision.
Another synchronization method that the ACE-3220 can employ is Synchronous Ethernet, or Sync-E, which uses the Ethernet physical layer to accurately distribute frequency, using clock mechanisms similar to those of S-D-H or Sonet.
For SHDSL segments, the ACE-3220 supports N-T-R, or network timing reference, a method in which a network reference clock is distributed from the D-slam to the cell-site gateway by mapping its clock information to the DSL modem transmission.
Network operators are likely to combine several methodologies. For example, the ACE-3220 can use 1588 to receive the clock from the network than distribute it to the cell-site using Sync-E or TDM timing.

20. Cellular backhaul Solutions Summary
Cellular backhauling needs and requirements:
Higher BW
Migration to IP/MPLS networks
Cell Site synchronization
Saving Mobile Backhauling cost
Leveraging Backhauling over diverse kind of infrastructure
Copper (xDSL)
Fiber
Wireless
Main Features and Benefits
High Accuracy timing
Multiservice backhauling support
Future proof solution (smooth migration)
Cutting Opex and Capex