1. Chapter 3 Review

2. ?????
the total of all chemical reactions in an organism

3. Metabolism

4. ????
assist reactions and causes a change, but the always stays the same
can be used again and again

5. enzymes

6. ????
Draw an enzyme breaking down a substrate

8. ????
organisms that make their own food.

9. Autotrophs or Producers

10. ?????
organisms that cannot make their own food

11. Heterotrophs or Consumers

12. ?????
when producers convert light energy into chemical energy, or sugars that can be used as food.

13. Photosynthesis

14. ????
Where does photosynthesis happen?

15. Chlorophyll

16. ?????
a green pigment that is used in photosynthesis to capture light.

17. Chlorophyll

18. ???
What happens to the excess sugar made during photosynthesis?

19. Excess sugar is stored as starches or used to make other carbohydrates

20. ????
What is the photosynthetic equation?

21. ????
The process in which chemical reactions break down food molecules into simpler substances and release stored energy

22. Respiration

23. ????
What is the equation for respiration?

24. ?????
In what TWO places does respiration occur?

25. The cytoplasm then the mitochandria

26. ????
Cells that do not have enough oxygen for respiration use this to release some of the stored energy in glucose molecules

27. Fermentation

28. ????
What are the products of fermentation?

29. Lactic acid, alcohol, and carbon dioxide

30. ????
Give me an example of fermentation

31. ??????
Movement of substance through the cell membrane without the input of energy

32. Passive Transport

33. ??????
A group of atoms held together by the energy of chemical bonds

34. Molecule

35. ??????
The random movement of molecules from an area where there is relatively fewer of them
Continues to happen until the amount in both areas is equal =EQUILIBRIUM

36. Diffusion

37. ??????
Made up of two or more elements in specific portions

38. Compound

39. ??????
the diffusion of water through a cell membrane

40. Osmosis

41. ??????
transport proteins in the cell membrane are used to move substances in and out of the cell
For example: Glucose molecules are too big to enter without the help of transport proteins
NO ENERGY!

42. Facilitated Diffusion

43. ??????
Two or more substances dissolved evenly throughout another substance

44. Solution

45. ??????
when an input of energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane using transport proteins

46. Active transport

47. ??????
Negatively charged particles moving around outside a nucleus

48. Electrons

49. ??????
When the cell membrane folds in on itself, enclosing a substance in a vesicle. The vesicle pinches off and enters the cytoplasm, acting as a transport and storage structure.

50. Endocytosis

51. ??????
Atoms of the same kind that are bonded together

52. Element

53. ??????
The vesicles membrane fuses with the cell membrane’s, and the vesicle contents are released

54. Exocytosis

55. ??????
Smallest particle that makes up all matter solid, liquid, gas

56. Atom

57. ??????
Occur when different atoms share their outermost electrons

58. Molecular Compound

59. ??????
Opposite charges attract to form an electrically neutral compound

60. Ionic Compound

61. ??????
Two or more substances evenly spread throughout a solution, but will eventually settle out

62. Suspension

63. ??????
Combination of substances that retain their own properties

64. Mixture

65. ??????
Center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons

66. Nucleus

67. ??????
An electrically charged atom that has lost or gained an electron

68. Ion

69. ??????
Type of compound that contains carbon and hydrogen and usually found in living things

70. Organic Compound

71. ??????
Type of compound that contains elements other than carbon and usually found in nonliving things

72. Inorganic Compound

73. ??????
When the relative number of molecules of a substance are equal in two areas

74. Equilibrium