1. Anatomy & Physiology
Muscular System

2. Muscles Bundle of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue
All muscles have:
Excitability (responsive)
Contractibility (becomes short, thick)
Extensibility (stretched)
Elasticity (return to it original shape)

3. Types of Muscle Cardiac Smooth Skeletal Involuntary Contracts heart
Lines hollow organs
Skeletal
Voluntary
Causes body movement

4. Muscle Movements Adduction Abduction Flexion Extension Rotation
Muscle attach to bones by tendons
Adduction
Moving a body part toward the midline
Abduction
Moving a body part away from the midline
Flexion
Bending a body part
Extension
Straightening a body part
Rotation
Turning side to side
Circumduction
Moving a joint in a circle

5. Major Muscle Groups Sternocleidomastoid (turns & flexes neck)
Trapezius (extends head & moves shoulders)
Deltoid (moves arms; injection site)
Biceps (flexes lower arm)
Triceps (extends lower arm)
Pectoralis major (moves & flexes upper arm)

6. Major Muscle Groups Intercostal muscles {Not on diagram}
(Moves ribs for breathing)
Rectus abdominus (compress abdomen)
Latissimus dorsi (extends & moves upper arms)
Gluteus maximus (extends thigh; injection site)

7. Major Muscle Groups Sartorius (moves thighs & flexes leg)
Quadriceps (extends leg)
Tibialis anterior (moves foot)
Gastrocnemius (moves foot)