1. ASP.NET The.NET Framework

2. The.NET Framework is Microsoft’s distributed run-time environment for creating, deploying, and using applications over the Internet. Chapter 21Chapter 21 presents the concepts and defines the terms that will help you understand how the.NET architecture adds to Windows a new operating system layer called the Common Language Runtime (CLR).

3. Common Language Runtime (CLR) The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is an operating system environment that can execute computer code compiled from several different languages. When you install the.NET framework, the CLR gets added on as a new layer of your computer’s operating system.

4. Call upon the traditional Windows OS to execute system functions, such as opening a file New features added to Windows by the CLR, such as automatic garbage collection Win32 OS (The traditional windows operating system) Managed Code (Compiled from a CLR-compliant programming language) Common Language Runtime (CLR)

5. Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) When you write a.NET computer program in a language such as Visual Basic, C#, or JScript, your code needs to be compiled into an executable format that the CLR can run. The Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) defines the format of the compiled computer code that the Common Language Runtime (CLR) executes.

6. Just-In-Time Compiler (JITter) In the.NET framework, the Just-In-Time Compiler (JITter) is the operating system component that creates on demand the MSIL code that executes in the CLR when it runs a program written in a CLR- compliant programming language such as Visual Basic, C#, and JScript. For mission-critical applications in which speed is important, it is possible to pre- compile the code and thereby avoid the delay that can occur when a program first compiles.

7. Namespaces A namespace is a logical division intended to prevent name conflicts between elements in a hierarchical organization of objects, interfaces, and functions.

8. The.NET Framework Class Library A class is a logical partitioning of the objects, methods, functions and data that perform a given task within a namespace. The.NET Framework Class Library is comprised of the namespaces that provide access to system functionality and serve as the foundation on which.NET applications, components, and controls are built. The built-in namespaces begin with System or Microsoft.

9. ASP.NET Web Forms A Web Forms Page is an ASP.NET developmental architecture that uses a code-behind programming model to separate the design of an active server page from its code. The ASP.NET page has the filename extension.aspx, while the code- behind page has the filename extension of a CLR-compliant programming language.

10. ASP.NET Web Form

11. Web Services A Web Service is a type of computer application that receives and responds to XML requests received over HTTP from clients on the Internet. Because HTTP is the most basic protocol on the Internet, the Web Service enables you to write program components that can serve any end-user or computer in the world to which you provide access.

12. Web Services

13. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is an XML vocabulary describing function calls and their procedures. SOAP is the most popular wire format for communicating with Web Services. To enable universal communication, Web Services can also communicate using HTTP- GET and HTTP-POST, which are wire format protocols understandable by any computer on the Web.

14. ADO.NET ADO.NET is a new collection of active data objects that improve on the former ADO architecture in several important ways. First, ADO.NET replaces the Recordset with a new structure called the Dataset, which is a cache of records retrieved from the database. Unlike the Recordset, which contains a single table of data, the Dataset can contain multiple, separate tables and maintain the relations among them.

15. ADO.NET (continued) Second, ADO.NET makes more efficient use of database resources by disconnecting from the database after filling the dataset. This enables the database to serve more users as traffic at a Web site increases.

16. ADO.NET (continued) Third, ADO.NET uses XML to communicate with external processes. Because XML is a plain text protocol, database results can pass through firewalls that block non- HTML transmissions. Fourth, because XML enables rich data objects to be communicated in plain text, ADO.NET increases performance by avoiding the time-consuming step of data- type conversion.

17. ADO.NET