1. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

2. OBJECTIVE List circumstances that led to the Scientific Revolution
Summarize the development of the heliocentric theory
Describe the scientific method and explain Newton’s law of gravity

3. The Big Idea
During the scientific revolution, scientist used reason to explain why things happened in universe.
A new way of thinking, based on experimentation and observation, changed the way Europeans looked at the world.

4. Geocentric system Earth is the center of the universe
Ptolemy, Aristotle and Church

5. Heliocentric system

6. Scientific Revolution
Scientific Revolution- New way of thinking about natural world. Based on logic and reason.
Exploration led to new discoveries. Europeans open to the idea that there were new truths to be found.
Copernicus- interested in Greek (Aristarchus’ idea) that the Earth revolves around the sun. Proved it using math. Published it 1 year before his death.

7. Galileo Galelei
Galileo built telescope and proved Copernicus right. Put on trial by the Church
Newton- used Calculus to prove gravity keeps Earth in orbit around the Sun

8. Free Fall-The law of falling bodies-Gravity
Galileo disproved Aristotle’s theory
He dropped stones of different weights to the ground from atop the Leaning Tower of Pisa. He proved that objects of different weights fell at the same speed.

9. Newton’s laws of gravity
Considering the force between Sun and the Earth the force exerted on the Earth by the Sun is equal and opposite to the force exerted on the Sun by the Earth.
If the mass of the Earth were doubled, the force on the Earth would double. If the mass of the Sun were doubled, the force on the Earth would double.
If the Earth were twice as far away from the Sun, the force on the Earth would be a factor four smaller.

10. GRAVITATION
Gravitation is a natural phenomenon by which all objects with mass attract each other, and is one of the fundamental forces of physics.
Gravitation gives objects weight.
It is responsible for keeping the Earth and the other planets in their orbits around the Sun. (F=mg)

11. Two important thinkers
Francis Bacon- stressed experimentation and observation as the best way to learn truth.
Rene Descartes- argued that human reasoning was the best way to gain understanding.
“I think, therefore I am.”

12. Scientific Method
The scientific method is a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.
Hypothesis- educated guess(unproved assumption)- Theory

13. Scientific method
The main steps of the scientific method