1. Secession and the Start of the Civil War Chapter 10 Section 4

2. Objectives
Compare the candidates in the election of 1860 and analyze the results of the election.
Analyze why southern states seceded from the Union.
Assess the events that led to the outbreak of war.

3. Issues leading up to the election of 1860
Uncertainty about whether Kansas would be a slave state or free state
Northern anger over the Dred Scott decision and Fugitive Slave Act
Concern over whether slavery would be allowed in the territories
With ill will running so deep between the North and the South, it was hard to imagine that either side would accept a President from the other region.

4. Election of 1860 Candidate Party Slavery
Lincoln Republican No Expansion
Douglas Northern Democrat Pop. Sov.
Breckinridge Southern Democrat Protect
Bell Constitutional Union Moderate

5. Lincoln narrowly won the election in the popular vote, but he won the electoral in a landslide

7. The South felt they no longer had a voice in national government.
It seemed there was no way to bridge the gap between the North and South.
The vote for Abraham Lincoln was mostly a vote for moderation toward the issue of slavery and a vote for the Union.

8. Secession! South Carolina was the first state to secede
The southern States formed the Confederacy and chose Jefferson Davis as their president

9. Weak
President Buchanan declared no state had the right to secede, but he couldn’t do anything about it.
He decided to let the incoming President deal with the problem.

10. Leadership: Lincoln vs. Davis
Abraham Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
acquired sophisticated sense of strategy
detail-oriented
unable to develop broad war strategy
skilled at balancing personalities
Images: Abraham Lincoln. This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired. Jefferson Davis. Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired.
burdened by ineffective central government
realistic understanding of the war.
impersonal.

11. Many of the states with the largest enslaved populations seceded.

12. The Confederate States of America
The south drafted a new constitution modeled after the US Constitution, but with 2 key differences:

13. #1 Guaranteed the right to own slaves.

14. # 2 Stressed each state was sovereign and independent.

15. Crittenden Compromise
Senator John Crittenden proposed extending the Missouri Compromise line to California

16. Lincoln immediately rejected it
Republicans became united against slavery

17. Fort Sumter
The Confederacy began taking federal buildings in the south
Fort Sumter in South Carolina was surrounded by the Confederates

18. Lincoln didn’t want to fire the first shot, but he also didn’t want to surrender the fort
He sent “food for hungry men”

19. The Confederates refused, opened fire
The Civil War is on
Recruits were called for 3 months of service

20. Objectives
Compare the candidates in the election of 1860 and analyze the results of the election.
Analyze why southern states seceded from the Union.
Assess the events that led to the outbreak of war.