6.   As Southern states seceded from the Union, they took control of most forts located within their borders  Lincoln had a decision to makes:  Send supplies and risk war or..  Surrender the forts and give in to the rebels.  Lincoln decided to send supplies and notify the Confederates  The Confederates attacked Fort Sumter before supplies could get there. Decisions on Southern Forts

7.   Fort Sumter was attacked on April 12, 1861 and the Union surrendered the fort to the South.  Nobody died defending the fort, but the attack marked the beginning of the Civil War. Fort Sumter

8.   Two days after the surrender of Sumter, Lincoln asked the Union states to provide 75,000 militiamen to put down the rebellion in the South. Lincoln Calls For Help

9.   The capital of the Confederacy was moved to Richmond, Virginia – the hometown of Robert E. Lee.  This meant that Virginia now became a part of the Confederacy.  Robert E. Lee was the South’s greatest general during the Civil War. Preparing For Battle

10.   With Virginia seceding, all eyes turned to the border states.  Border states are slave states that border where slavery was illegal.  In the end, there were 24 states in the Union and 11 states in the Confederacy. Choosing Sides

11. - population - 22 million - 90% of ind. goods, esp. munitions - efficient railroad system - controlled the navy, which could be used to blockade s. ports and shut down the s. eco. - but would have to fight an offensive war (long supply lines, unfamiliar territory...) - capable mil. leaders, inc. Ulysses S. Grant

12.  Confederates had excellent generals too - Robert E. Lee and Thomas Jackson  Defending is always easier than attacking - (familiar w/climate and territory, possible psychological advantages)  Farmers fight better than factory workers  Profitable eco. based on cotton exports  But disadvantages…a smaller pop. of 9 million (inc. 3.5 million slaves)  had to import ind. goods; very little munitions production

13.   South  Defensive strategy – They knew that if the North didn’t like what they were doing, then they would have to come to them.  Knew support from the North would weaken over time  Hoped that Great Britain and France would help support knowing their need for cotton Planning Strategies

14.   North  Offensive:  “Anaconda Plan” - This plan was designed to strangle the South’s economy like a giant anaconda. It called for:  A naval blockade of the South’s coastline, thus blocking the traffic of goods and people  Take control of the Mississippi River splitting the Confederacy in two  Capturing Richmond, Virginia – the Confederate capital Planning Strategies

16.  First Battle of Bull Run  Spectators from Washington watched and expected an entertaining battle (Yes, people watched the war!)  The Union attacked near a creek called Bull Run.  Union troops were advancing, but Thomas J. Jackson (Stonewall Jackson) stopped them.  “There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!”  Confederate troops led a counter-attack and pushed Union troops back  Casualties – Union = 2700; Confederates = 2000

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18.   This battle made three points clear:  The fighting would be bloody  The war would not be over quickly  Southern soldiers would fight fiercely to defend the Confederacy Lessons of Bull Run

19.   Answer questions 3-8 on page 515.  Use complete sentences and use your notes/textbook if you need help. Questions