1. Animal Reproduction Chapter 46

2. Reproduction Asexual  1 parent  No gamete fusion May or may not be produced  Mitotic division Sexual  2 parents  Haploid gametes fuse Egg: large, nonmotile female Sperm: small, motile male  Meiosis and mitosis

3. Asexual Reproduction  Fission Prokaryotes  Budding Hydras  Fragmentation Some sea stars & sponges  Parthenogenesis Bees, ants, & Komodo dragons

4. Sexual Reproduction  Hermaphroditism Self- or cross-fertilization  Sequential hermaphroditism Blue-banded gobies  Separate sexes External Internal

5. Fertilization ExternalInternal

6. Human Reproductive System Female versus Male

7. Female Reproductive System

9. Male Reproductive Anatomy

11. Gametogenesis

12. Spermatogenesis

13. Oogenesis

14. Variations of Spermatogenesis  All 4 meiotic daughters become gametes 1 oocyte develops others degenerate  Adolescence through adulthood Mitotic divisions done by birth  Mature sperm continuously produced 1 development pre cycle (28 days)

15. Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis

16. Hormonal Control of Oogenesis

17. Ovarian Cycle

18. Uterine Cycle

19. Menopause

20. Disorders of the Reproductive System  Testicular cancer  Prostatitis  Impotence  Cryptorchidism  STDs  Cervical cancer  Amenorrhea  Dysmenorrhea  Endometriosis  Prolapse of the uterus

21. Semen  Sperm and glandular secretions Seminal vesicles: nutrients/energy for sperm Prostate gland: nutrients to activate sperm Bulbourethral gland: mucus to neutralize  Fluid release before ejaculation Bulbourethral gland neutralizes urine remnants Sperm  Pullout method of contraception

22. Sexual Response  Physiological Responses: Vasocongestion Myotonia  Phases of Sexual Response: Excitement Plateau Orgasm Resolution

23. Contraception