1. Viral & Bacterial Diseases Messana Science 8 Chapter 25

2. VIRAL DISEASES

3. AIDS Caused by HIV Virus (Human Immuno- Deficiency Virus) Diminishes function of immune system Susceptible to infections Treat with Anti- Viral Drugs Deadly Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

4. Influenza (Flu) Contagious Respiratory Illness Fever/Chills Vomiting/Diarrhea Body Aches/Fatigue Cold Symptoms Recover within 2 weeks if no complications

5. Common Cold Over 200 cold viruses Coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, runny nose, sore throat Recover within 1 week

6. Polio Affects nerves Can lead to paralysis Have vaccination for it Wiped out in many countries

7. Chicken Pox Childhood disease Shingles is adult version Itchy, fluid-filled blisters that will scab over Have vaccine for it Very contagious before you know you have it

8. Smallpox U.S. stopped giving vaccine in 1972, stopped by 1980 worldwide Virus wiped out worldwide in 1977 Causes raised pink skin rash that turns into sores, then crusts over Threat of use in biological warfare

9. Yellow Fever Spread by Mosquitos (Vector!) South America/ Africa Causes Liver or Kidney Failure Have vaccine

10. Viral Meningitis Infection of fluid around brain and spinal cord Viral is less severe than bacterial Spread through person-to-person contact or mosquito May have a stiff neck

11. West Nile Virus Mosquito bites infected bird, mosquito acts as vector, bites human and transfers disease Prognosis is good

12. Warts Growths on the skin Caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Transmission from person to person is uncommon Can treat with over-the- counter meds – except for face or genital warts Gardasil Vaccine is used for prevention of warts and cervical cancer caused by HPV in women

13. Ebola Causes Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever In Africa, where health care is not good Death within 2 weeks from massive blood loss

14. Rabies Spread by infected animal (dog, bat, raccoon, fox, skunk) Saliva is passed when animal bites human Virus passes to brain, causes inflammation Drooling, Convulsions, Foaming at mouth Death within week Is a vaccine that must be given right after bite

15. Mononucleosis “Kissing Disease” Passed through sharing saliva Swollen lymph nodes (neck), fatigue, white on tonsils, sore throat, fever, enlarged SPLEEN Must avoid physical contact in activity

16. BACTERIAL DISEASES

17. Syphilis Sexually transmitted Painless sores, skin rash 3 Stages – 3 rd stage spreads to heart, bones, brain, nervous system, skin Treated with penicillin

18. Leprosy Skin lesions Stuffy nose Nerve Damage Disfigurement Treat with antibiotics

19. Tetanus Get the vaccine! Spore gets into body through wound and releases bacteria Bacteria create poison that blocks nerve signals from spinal cord to muscles Lockjaw Arching from back spasms

20. Legionnaires’ Disease Lung inflammation caused by inhaling legionella bacteria Fever, chills, muscle aches, & cough Bacteria grow in water towers

21. Tuberculosis Contagious bacterial infection of lungs Inhale droplets from infected person Cough up mucus or blood Fever, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats

22. Plague Bubonic, Pneumonic, Septicemic Rodents carry disease Flea acts as VECTOR to transfer to humans Blood seeps into tissues turning them black!

23. Food Poisoning From Salmonella or E. coli bacteria From improper handling, storage, or washing of foods; or undercooked food Severe diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramping, fever, chills

24. Peptic Ulcers From H. pylori bacteria in stomach Burning pain in stomach, nausea, vomiting, blood in stools, weight loss

25. Lyme Disease Bacteria come from mice or deer Ticks act as vector to pass the bacteria to humans Characteristic “BULL’S EYE” rash Itching, joint inflammation, stiff neck, flu-like symptoms

26. Bacterial Meningitis Infection of fluid around brain & spinal cord 3 types of bacteria Treat with antibiotics! Very serious – can lead to brain damage or death Stiff neck, headache, fever