1. Reproduction & Development
Topic 4
Reproduction & Development

2. Topic 4
Vocabulary on p 60
Gamete, recombination, differentiation,zygote, clone
Types of reproduction:
Asexual
Sexual

3. Topic 4
Examples of asexual reproduction

4. Topic 4
Cloning
Same end result
of asexual repro.

5. Topic 4 Mitosis- DNA must replicate PRIOR Identical One division
Diploid  diploid
Essential for growth, development, repair, etc.
Plant cells form cell plate= cell wall, animal cells for cleavage furrow= pinches in .
Meiosis- DNA must replicate PRIOR
Source of variation
Produces gametes with haploid # (half)
Two divisions
Crossing over=variety
Non-disjunction= failure to separate
Spermatogenesis 14
Oogenesis 11 viable +3 polar bodies

6. Topic 4 Zygote Formation Haploid gametes unite or fuse
The male gamete is mobile, the female is not.
Recombination – refers to combining of genetic material from both sources.
Differentiation
Cells of an organism have the SAME DNA but not all the genes are expressed in all cells… early in development differentiation occurs which initiates this/gene expression.

7. Topic 4 Human Reproduction
Hormones produced in brain and reproductive organs(gonads) interact with certain tissues b/c of receptor molecules found on the cell membranes of those tissues.
Hormones regulate reproductive cycles.

8. Topic 4 Female reproductive system: Ovaries (gonads)
Fallopian tubes or Oviduct
Uterus
Placenta- temporary organ of the fetus
Umbilical cord
Vagina/birth canal
Gestation= time of pregnancy from conception/fertilization till birth: development(mitosis) crucial that proper pre-natal care be taken during first few months especially b/c of organ development
Zygoteembryofetusbaby
Labor & delivery= positive feedback

9. Topic 4
Male reproductive system
Testes (gonads)
Scrotum
Penis

10. Topic 4 Applications of technology in reproduction: IV fertilization
Hormone therapy
Vasectomy
Tubal ligation
Pre-natal screening: amniocentesis, karyotyping, etc