1. Differences Plant: Plant cell mitosis is similar to animal cell mitosis, but there are differences. – Plant cells form spindle fibers during mitosis but do not have centrioles. – A structure called a cell plate forms between the two new nuclei. New cell walls forms along the cell plate, then, a new cell membrane develops inside the cell walls.

2. Living Things Reproduce All living things reproduce in one of the following ways: Asexual reproduction - Producing offspring without the use of gametes. BOP: Give two examples- Sexual reproduction - Producing offspring by the joining of sex cells.

3. Fertilization : is a type of sexual reproduction where there is a fusion of male (sperm) and female (egg) sex cells. Gene: A gene is a segment of DNA that controls the protein production and the cell cycle.

4. Meiosis TThe process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells-egg & sperm. MMeiosis takes place in 5 stages, stages 2 & 4 have 4 phases during each stage. Stage 1: Interphase Stage 2: Meiosis I Stage 3: Cytokinesis I Stage 4: Meiosis II Stage 5: Cytokinesis II Stage 1: Interphase TThe cell grows to its mature size. TThe DNA in the cell makes a copy of itself. 22 cylindrical structures called centrioles are also copied.

5. Stage 2: Meiosis I (there are four phases) – Prophase I: Chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form 23 chromosome pairs. Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus. Spindle fibers form a bridge between the ends of the cell. Nuclear envelope breaks down. – Metaphase I: Chromosome pairs line up across the center of the cell. Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers.

6. – Anaphase I: Centromere’s split. The chromosome pairs separate in half. Each chromosome pair is pulled into different half of cell. Cell stretches out as the opposite ends are pushed apart. – Telophase I: Cytoplasm divides. Cell splits. A new cell membrane forms around the newly created cells. At the end of Telophase I, 2 cells have been created. Stage 3: Cytokinesis I – The cell divides into 2 new cells.

7. Stage 4: Meiosis II – Prophase II: Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus. Spindle fibers form a bridge between the ends of the cell. – Metaphase II: Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber at its centromere.

8. – Anaphase II: The centromere split. The 2 chromatids separate. – Chromatid: ½ of a chromosome 1 chromatid is drawn by its spindle fiber to 1 end of the cell. The other chromatid moves to the opposite end. Cell stretches out as the opposite ends are pushed apart.

9. – Telophase II Chromosomes begin to stretch out & lose their rod like appearance. A new nuclear envelope forms around each region of chromosomes. Stage 5: Cytokinesis II The cytoplasm divides. 4 new cell membranes form around the 4 new cells. The new cells have ½ of the chromosomes found in regular body cells.

14. Video: http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120074/bi o19.swf::Stages%20of%20Meiosis References: CMAPP http://www.citruscollege.edu/lc/archive/biology/Pages/Chapter09-Rabitoy.aspx