1. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks What do Sedimentary Structures Tell Us About? How Does Sediment Change Into a What Are the Main Types of Sedimentary Rocks? Sedimentary Rock? Depositional Conditions? What is Sediment? What Happens When Sediment is Moved?

2. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Sediment Particles and Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Table 9.1

3. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Sorting of Sediment by a River Figure 9.2

4. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Lithification of Sand Grains to Become Sandstone Figure 9.6

5. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Accumulation of Feldspar-Rich Sand Figure 9.11

6. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Poorly Sorted Sediment of Sand Grains Surrounded by a Matrix of Silt and Clay Figure 9.12

7. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Turbidity Current Flow Downslope Along the Sea Floor Figure 9.13

8. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Outcrop of Queenston Formation Shale Figure 9.14 Photo by N. Eyles

9. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Lithification of Shale from Compaction and Cementation of Wet Mud Figure 9.15

10. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Living Coral-Algal Reef Sheds Bioclastic Sediment into the Fore-reef and Back-reef Environments Figure 9.17

11. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Chemical Sedimentary Rocks Table 9.2

12. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Bedding and Cross-Bedding Figure 9.26 Photo by N. Eyles

13. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Bedform Stability Diagram for Flows Approximately 1 m Deep Box 9.2 – Figure 1

14. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Ripples Formed in Fine Sand Box 9.2 – Figure 2 Photo by N. Eyles

15. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Ripples Formed in Coarse-Grained Sands Box 9.2 – Figure 3 Photo by N. Eyles

16. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Horizontally Laminated Course-Grained Sands Box 9.2 – Figure 4 Photo by N. Eyles

17. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Development of Cross-Bedding in Wind-Blown Sand (A, B) and Current-Deposited Sand (C, D) Figure 9.28

18. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Development of Ripple Marks in Loose Sediment Figure 9.28

19. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Development of a Graded Bed of Sediment Deposited by a Turbidity Current Figure 9.31

20. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Geological Formations of Upper Ordovician to Silurian Age Exposed in Niagara Gorge, Ontario Figure 9.31 Photo by N. Eyles

21. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Geological Formations of Upper Ordovician to Silurian Age Exposed in Niagara Gorge, Ontario Figure 9.35 Photo by N. Eyles

22. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Sediment Deposits Transported Away from Source Area Figure 9.36

23. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Characteristics of the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation that Help Locate Its Source Area Figure 9.37

24. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer The Common Sedimentary Environments of Deposition Figure 9.38

25. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Sedimentary Basics Associated with Convergent Plate Boundary Figure 9.41

26. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Divergent Plate Boundary Showing Thick Wedges of Gravel and Course Sand Figure 9.41

27. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Answers to Selected Testing Your Knowledge Questions 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. B B D B B D B B A A B B C A

28. Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummerwww.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Additional Resources Student Resources Student Online Learning Centre The robust Student Edition of the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer features quizzes for study and review, interactive exercises and animation, as well as additional boxed readings, searchable glossary, Virtual Vista environments, suggestions for further reading, and much more!www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Laboratory Manual The Lab Manual to accompany Physical Geology and the Environment has been created as a resource for laboratory sessions in physical geology, mirroring the "Inquiry-Based Approach" of the text. Structured on exercises and corresponding background concepts, the lab manual contains student-friendly worksheets, and has been perforated for easy lab use. Instructor Resources Instructor Online Learning Centre The OLC at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer includes a password-protected Web site for Instructors. The site offers downloadable supplements and access to PageOut, the McGraw-Hill Ryerson Web site development centre.www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer Instructors Manual – The IM contains a chapter overview, list of changes per chapter, chapter learning objectives, further information on boxed features, short and long discussion/essay questions, and details on additional readings and resources outside the textbook. Test Bank – Contains a bank of 40-60 multiple-choice and true/false questions per chapter. Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation – This presentation system offers visual presentations that may be edited and manipulated to fit a particular course format. They also contain selected solutions to the problem material. Transparencies A set of more than 200 transparencies tied to the text content are available for instructors.