2. CHAPTER 5: LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explain MIS infrastructure and its three primary types.
Identify the three primary areas associated with an information MIS infrastructure.
Describe the characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure.
Identify the environmental impacts associated with MIS.
Explain the three components of a sustainable MIS infrastructures along with their business benefits.

3. THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
MIS Infrastructure—Includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets
Hardware
Software
Network
Client
Server
Enterprise Architect—Is a person grounded in technology, fluent in business, and able to provide the important bridge between MIS and the business

4. SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Backup and Recovery Plan
Backup—An exact copy of a system’s information
Recovery—The ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure
Fault tolerance
Failover
Failback
Companies should choose a backup and recovery strategy in line with their goals and operational needs

5. SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Disaster Recovery Plan
Hot Site—A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
Cold Site—A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster
Warm Site—A separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration

6. SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Disaster Recovery Plan
Disaster Recovery Plan—A detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a fire or flood
Disaster Recovery Cost Curve—Charts (1) the cost to the organization of the unavailability of info and technology and (2) the cost to the organization of recovering from a disaster over time

7. SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Business Continuity Plan
Business Continuity Planning (BCP)—A plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical function(s) within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption
Emergency Notification Service—An infrastructure built for notifying people in the event of an emergency

8. SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Accessibility—Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system
Administrator Access—Unrestricted access to the entire system.
Availability—Time frames when the system is operational
Unavailable—Time frames when a system is not operating and cannot be used
High availability—System is continuously operational at all times
Maintainability—How quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes

9. SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Portability—The ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms
Reliability—Ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information
Scalability—How well a system can scale up, or adapt to the increased demands of growth

10. SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Performance—Measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction
Capacity planning—Determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance
Usability—The degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use

11. MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Moore’s Law—Refers to how the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months
Sustainable, or “Green,” MIS—Describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment
Corporate Social Responsibility—Companies’ acknowledged responsibility to society

12. MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Increased Electronic Waste
Ewaste—Refers to discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices
Sustainable MIS Disposal—Refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle
Increased Energy Consumption
The energy consumed by a computer is estimated to produce as much as 10 percent of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by an automobile

13. MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Increased Carbon Emissions
The major human-generated greenhouse gases, such as carbon emissions from energy use, are very likely responsible for the increases in climatic temperature over the past half a century
When left on continuously, a single desktop computer and monitor can consume at least 100 watts of power per hour

14. SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT: SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Grid Computing—A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem
Cloud Computing—Refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

15. SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT: SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Virtualization—Creates multiple “virtual” machines on a single computing device
Data Center—A facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems
Sustainable Data Centers
Reduces carbon emissions
Reduces required floor space
Chooses geographic location