1. Mental and Emotional Health
Chapter 6
Mental and Emotional Health

2. Health Goals for Mental and Emotional Health
I will develop good character
I will interact in ways that help create a positive social and emotional environment
I will develop healthful personality characteristics
I will choose behaviors to promote a healthy mind
I will express emotions in healthful ways
I will use stress management skills
I will seek help if I feel depressed
I will use suicide prevention strategies when appropriate
I will cope with loss and grief in healthful ways
I will be resilient during difficult times

3. Health Goal 1: Develop Good Character
Value: standard of belief
Character: person’s use of self-control to act on responsible values
A person who has good character has the self- control to delay gratification when appropriate
People who have good character set limits for themselves, and their behavior reflects responsible values
Good character will reflect on one’s self-esteem (self-worth)

4. Developing Good Character and Improving Self-Esteem
Care for other people in the way you would like to be cared for
Let other people know what helps you feel special
Support the interests of family members and friends, and ask them to support your interests
Ask family members and friends to tell you examples of your actions that have shown character
Get plenty of exercise to generate feelings of well- being
Pay attention to your appearance
Make a list of responsible actions and review the list often
Be a friend to yourself by enjoying activities (e.g., hobbies)
Write your feelings in a journal
Make spending time with your family members a priority

5. Health Goal #2: I Will Interact in Ways that Help Create a Positive Social-Emotional Environment
Social-emotional environment is the quality of the contacts a person has with the people with whom they interact
Social-emotional boosters (encouragement and/or support) help promote a positive social- emotional environment
Social-emotional pollutants cause a negative social-emotional environment and should be avoided, if possible

6. Strategies to Improve the Social-Emotional Environment
Minimize contact with people who put you down
Use positive self- statements if you are with a person/group who are negative
Spend time with a mentor
Join a support group
Expand the network of people with whom you communicate needs, wants, and emotions
Give others social- emotional boosters

7. Health Goal #3: I Will Develop Healthful Personality Characteristics
An individual’s unique pattern of characteristic = Personality
Behavior or attitude affects personality
Other influences include:
Heredity
Environment
Who you have contact or influences with affects personality

8. Health Goal #4: I Will Choose Behaviors to Promote a Healthy Mind
Mental alertness does the following:
Allows quick and watchful actions
Provides interest in what’s going on in your life
Allows understanding of providing mental exercise as well as physical concepts
Creates the ability to learn continuously about new ideas and methods
Mentally healthy people….
Feel good about themselves
Have satisfying relationships
Set realistic goals
Can cope with disappointments

9. Addiction
A compelling need to take a drug or engage in a specific behavior
Can cause physical harm, jeopardize safety, harm relationships, cause legal and financial problems

10. Signs of Addiction
1) Having a compelling need to take a drug/engage in a behavior
2) Taking a drug/engaging in behavior instead of dealing with feelings of anxiety, depression, boredom, or loneliness
3) Feeling bad about oneself after taking a drug/engaging in a behavior
4) Taking a drug/engaging in a behavior even when there are negative consequences
5) Trying to stop taking a drug or engaging in a behavior but being unable to do so

11. Types of Addiction Drug Eating disorders Exercise Gambling Nicotine
Perfectionism
Relationship
Sexual in nature
Shopping
Television
Thrill seeking
Workaholism

12. Getting Help for Addiction
Formal interventions
Individual therapy
Group therapy
Family therapy
Hospitalization

13. Codependence Issues
Codependence is a compulsion to control, take care of, and rescue people by fixing their problems and minimizing their pain
Enablers are people who support the harmful behaviors of others
People with codependence issues could benefit from:
Support groups
Individual therapy
Family therapy

14. Mental Disorders
Mental/emotional condition that makes it difficult for a person to live in a normal way
Cause is functional (environmental, stress related, poor coping skills) or organic (physical injuries or illness)
Six categories of mental disorders:
Affective -Anxiety
Dissociative -Personality
Somatoform -Schizophrenia

15. Affective Disorders Involve extreme moods Cause is unknown 3 types
Clinical depression
Bipolar disorder
Seasonal affective disorder

16. Anxiety Disorders
Disorder in which real or imagined fears prevent enjoyment of life, leading to possible panic attacks
Types
General anxiety disorder (GAD)]
Phobias
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder

17. Dissociative Disorders
Disorder in which a person has memory loss, confused identity, or more than one identity
Two types:
Amnesia (inability to recall past)
Dissociative identity disorder (two or more personalities within the same person)

18. Personality Disorders
Disorder in which a person’s patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting interfere with daily living
Types:
Antisocial (conflict with society)
Avoidant (avoids social contact)
Dependent (cannot function without assistance from others)
Histrionic (emotional outbursts)
Narcissistic (boastful and conceited)
Passive-aggressive (overly compliant to mask anger)

19. Somatoform Disorders
Symptoms of disease for which no physical cause can be found
Two types
1) Hypochondria- worried about illness
2) Conversion disorder-health changes due to a result of emotional state

20. Schizophrenia
Disorder in which there is a split or breakdown in logical thought processes
Split results in unusual behavior
Paranoia results as well as delusional thinking

21. Help for Mental Disorders
Formal interventions
Medical evaluations
Medications
Support groups
Long-term recovery plans

22. Concepts of Expressing Emotions in Healthful Ways
Communication is the sharing of feelings, thought, information with another person
Healthful ways to express feelings to promote a healthy mind and body are:
“I” messages
Active listening
Nonverbal communication

23. Anger Management Skills
Keep an anger self- inventory
Use self-statements
Use “I” vs. “you” messages
Write a letter
Write in a journal
Reduce the effects of anger cues by exercising
Use safe physical actions to blow off steam
Keep a sense of humor
Rehearse what to do in situations that you know are your anger triggers
Talk with a parent/mentor

24. Health Goal #6: I Will Use Stress Management Skills
Identify the following terms
Stress
Stressor
Eustress
Distress

25. General Adaptation Syndrome
Three stages:
-Alarm (fight-or-flight syndrome)
-Resistance (homeostasis)
-Exhaustion (illness or disease concept)

26. Stress Can Affect Status of Ten Areas of Health in One or More Areas
Mental and Emotional Health
Family and Social Health
Growth and Development
Nutrition
Personal Health and Physical Activity
Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs
Communicable and Chronic Disease
Consumer and Community Health
Environmental Health
Injury Prevention and Safety

27. Stress Management Skills
Use responsible decision-making skills
Get enough sleep
Participate in physical activity
Use a time-management plan
Write in a journal
Change your outlook
Have close friends
Talk with parents
Help others
Express affection in proper ways
Care for pets
Keep a sense of humor

28. Health Goal #7: I Will Seek Help if I Feel Depressed
Types of depression
Minor depression
Dysthymic disorder
Major depression
It is estimated that 8 percent of teens have symptoms of depression

29. Symptoms of Childhood/Adolescent Depression
Increased irritability
Being bored
Outbursts of shouting, complaining, or crying
Poor school performance or frequent absences
Fear of death
Alcohol or substance abuse
Frequent nonspecific physical complaints

30. Causes of Depression Inability to cope with a life crisis
Changes in brain structure
Genetic predisposition
Low serotonin levels
Traumatic family events
Physical illness/disorders
Alcohol or other drug use

31. Risks of Depression School performance Social isolation Drug addiction
Other addictions
Physical illnesses
Mental disorders
Suicide attempts

32. Treatment for Depression
Physical exams
Therapy
Medication

33. Anger and Depression Can lead to: Inability to cope Illness
Family patterns
Alcohol/drug use
Suicide attempts (parasuicide)

34. Health Goal #8: I Will Use Suicide Prevention Strategies When Appropriate
1) Know suicide hotline numbers
2) Know what to do when a person feels depressed
3) Help the person build a network of support
4) Get the person involved in rewarding activities
5) Know what to do if someone shows warning signs of suicide

35. Health Goal #9: I Will Cope with Loss and Grief in Healthful Ways
Grief is an intense emotional suffering caused by loss
Causes of grief are:
Changes in the family -Changes in living condition
Death of a friend -Suicide
Death of a well-known person -Tragedies in the news
The end of something special -Holidays

36. Healthful Ways to Respond to a Loss
There are no rules about grieving
Each person grieves in his/her own way/method
Crying is a healthful expression of emotions and helps release bottled-up tension
Responses to grief are based on:
Who we are
Whom or what we have lost
How much day-to-day life has changed

37. Health Goal #10: I Will Be Resilient in Difficult Times
A life crisis is an experience that causes a high level of stress
To be resilient is to be able to adjust, recover, bounce back, and learn from difficult experiences

38. Resiliency Skills
Most people respond to a life crisis by working through 5 emotional responses (Kubler-Ross,1997)
Denying
Being angry
Bargaining
Being depressed
Accepting

39. Mental and Emotional Health
Chapter 6
Mental and Emotional Health